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Text -- 1 Samuel 28:1-24 (NET)

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Context
The Witch of Endor
28:1 In those days the Philistines gathered their troops for war in order to fight Israel. Achish said to David, “You should fully understand that you and your men must go with me into the battle.” 28:2 David replied to Achish, “That being the case, you will come to know what your servant can do!” Achish said to David, “Then I will make you my bodyguard from now on.” 28:3 Now Samuel had died, and all Israel had lamented over him and had buried him in Ramah, his hometown. In the meantime Saul had removed the mediums and magicians from the land. 28:4 The Philistines assembled; they came and camped at Shunem. Saul mustered all Israel and camped at Gilboa. 28:5 When Saul saw the camp of the Philistines, he was absolutely terrified. 28:6 So Saul inquired of the Lord, but the Lord did not answer him– not by dreams nor by Urim nor by the prophets. 28:7 So Saul instructed his servants, “Find me a woman who is a medium, so that I may go to her and inquire of her.” His servants replied to him, “There is a woman who is a medium in Endor.” 28:8 So Saul disguised himself and put on other clothing and left, accompanied by two of his men. They came to the woman at night and said, “Use your ritual pit to conjure up for me the one I tell you.” 28:9 But the woman said to him, “Look, you are aware of what Saul has done; he has removed the mediums and magicians from the land! Why are you trapping me so you can put me to death?” 28:10 But Saul swore an oath to her by the Lord, “As surely as the Lord lives, you will not incur guilt in this matter!” 28:11 The woman replied, “Who is it that I should bring up for you?” He said, “Bring up for me Samuel.” 28:12 When the woman saw Samuel, she cried out loudly. The woman said to Saul, “Why have you deceived me? You are Saul!” 28:13 The king said to her, “Don’t be afraid! What have you seen?” The woman replied to Saul, “I have seen one like a god coming up from the ground!” 28:14 He said to her, “What about his appearance?” She said, “An old man is coming up! He is wrapped in a robe!” Then Saul realized it was Samuel, and he bowed his face toward the ground and kneeled down. 28:15 Samuel said to Saul, “Why have you disturbed me by bringing me up?” Saul replied, “I am terribly troubled! The Philistines are fighting against me and God has turned away from me. He does not answer me– not by the prophets nor by dreams. So I have called on you to tell me what I should do.” 28:16 Samuel said, “Why are you asking me, now that the Lord has turned away from you and has become your enemy? 28:17 The Lord has done exactly as I prophesied! The Lord has torn the kingdom from your hand and has given it to your neighbor David! 28:18 Since you did not obey the Lord and did not carry out his fierce anger against the Amalekites, the Lord has done this thing to you today. 28:19 The Lord will hand you and Israel over to the Philistines! Tomorrow both you and your sons will be with me. The Lord will also hand the army of Israel over to the Philistines!” 28:20 Saul quickly fell full length on the ground and was very afraid because of Samuel’s words. He was completely drained of energy, not having eaten anything all that day and night. 28:21 When the woman came to Saul and saw how terrified he was, she said to him, “Your servant has done what you asked. I took my life into my own hands and did what you told me. 28:22 Now it’s your turn to listen to your servant! Let me set before you a bit of bread so that you can eat. When you regain your strength, you can go on your way.” 28:23 But he refused, saying, “I won’t eat!” Both his servants and the woman urged him to eat, so he gave in. He got up from the ground and sat down on the bed. 28:24 Now the woman had a well-fed calf at her home that she quickly slaughtered. Taking some flour, she kneaded bread and baked it without leaven.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Achish the king of Gath in David's time,the king of Gath in Solomon's time
 · Amalek members of the nation of Amalek
 · David a son of Jesse of Judah; king of Israel,son of Jesse of Judah; king of Israel
 · En-Dor a town of Manasseh in Issachar, located south. of Mt. Tabor (OS)
 · En-dor a town of Manasseh in Issachar, located south. of Mt. Tabor (OS)
 · Gilboa a mountain or plateau between Jezreel and the Jordan River (OS)
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Philistines a sea people coming from Crete in 1200BC to the coast of Canaan
 · Ramah a town 8 km north of Jerusalem,a town of Simeon,a town of Benjamin 9 km north of Jerusalem and 8 km south of Bethel (OS),a town on the border of Asher (OS),a town of Ephraim 10 km SE of Aphek, and 25 km east of Joppa,a town in Gilead 50-60 km east of Beth-Shan
 · Samuel son of Ammihud; Moses' land distribution deputy for Simeon,son of Tola son of Issachar
 · Saul the sixth king of Edom,son of Simeon and a Canaanite woman,son of Uzziah of Kohath son of Levi
 · Shunem a town of Issachar 5 km NNE of Jezreel
 · Urim a device to discern divine guidance, used with the "Thummim"


Dictionary Themes and Topics: Witchcraft | Saul | Samuel | DIVINATION | David | ASTROLOGY | BETH-SHEMITE | WITCH; WITCHCRAFT | CHRONICLES, BOOKS OF | SAMUEL, BOOKS OF | EN-DOR, WITCH OF | COMMUNION WITH DEMONS; DEVILS | Familiar Spirits | En-Dor | Sorcery | Magic | INTERCESSION | Necromancy | WOMAN | Miracles | more
Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:1 The translation follows the LXX (εἰς πόλεμον, eis polemon) and a Qumran ms מלח...

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:2 Heb “all the days.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:3 See Isa 8:19 for another reference to magicians who attempted to conjure up underworld spirits.

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:5 Heb “he was afraid, and his heart was very terrified.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:6 See the note at 1 Sam 14:41.

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:7 Heb “an owner of a ritual pit.” See the note at v. 3.

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:8 Heb “Use divination for me with the ritual pit and bring up for me the one whom I say to you.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:9 Heb “my life.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:12 Heb “in a great voice.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:13 Heb “gods.” The modifying participle (translated “coming up”) is plural, suggesting that underworld spirits are the referent. ...

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:17 Heb “just as he said by my hand.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:18 Heb “listen to the voice of the Lord.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:19 Heb “camp.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:20 Heb “food.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:21 Heb “listened to your words that you spoke to me.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:23 Heb “he listened to their voice.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 28:24 Heb “a calf of the stall.”

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