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Text -- Jeremiah 52:1-22 (NET)

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Context
The Fall of Jerusalem
52:1 Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he ruled in Jerusalem for eleven years. His mother’s name was Hamutal daughter of Jeremiah, from Libnah. 52:2 He did what displeased the Lord just as Jehoiakim had done. 52:3 What follows is a record of what happened to Jerusalem and Judah because of the Lord’s anger when he drove them out of his sight. Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon. 52:4 King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came against Jerusalem with his whole army and set up camp outside it. They built siege ramps all around it. He arrived on the tenth day of the tenth month in the ninth year that Zedekiah ruled over Judah. 52:5 The city remained under siege until Zedekiah’s eleventh year. 52:6 By the ninth day of the fourth month the famine in the city was so severe the residents had no food. 52:7 They broke through the city walls, and all the soldiers tried to escape. They left the city during the night. They went through the gate between the two walls that is near the king’s garden. (The Babylonians had the city surrounded.) Then they headed for the Jordan Valley. 52:8 But the Babylonian army chased after the king. They caught up with Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho, and his entire army deserted him. 52:9 They captured him and brought him up to the king of Babylon at Riblah in the territory of Hamath and he passed sentence on him there. 52:10 The king of Babylon had Zedekiah’s sons put to death while Zedekiah was forced to watch. He also had all the nobles of Judah put to death there at Riblah. 52:11 He had Zedekiah’s eyes put out and had him bound in chains. Then the king of Babylon had him led off to Babylon and he was imprisoned there until the day he died. 52:12 On the tenth day of the fifth month, in the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, Nebuzaradan, the captain of the royal guard who served the king of Babylon, arrived in Jerusalem. 52:13 He burned down the Lord’s temple, the royal palace, and all the houses in Jerusalem, including every large house. 52:14 The whole Babylonian army that came with the captain of the royal guard tore down the walls that surrounded Jerusalem. 52:15 Nebuzaradan, the captain of the royal guard, took into exile some of the poor, the rest of the people who remained in the city, those who had deserted to him, and the rest of the craftsmen. 52:16 But he left behind some of the poor and gave them fields and vineyards. 52:17 The Babylonians broke the two bronze pillars in the temple of the Lord, as well as the movable stands and the large bronze basin called the “The Sea.” They took all the bronze to Babylon. 52:18 They also took the pots, shovels, trimming shears, basins, pans, and all the bronze utensils used by the priests. 52:19 The captain of the royal guard took the gold and silver bowls, censers, basins, pots, lampstands, pans, and vessels. 52:20 The bronze of the items that King Solomon made for the Lord’s temple (including the two pillars, the large bronze basin called “The Sea,” the twelve bronze bulls under “The Sea,” and the movable stands) was too heavy to be weighed. 52:21 Each of the pillars was about 27 feet high, about 18 feet in circumference, three inches thick, and hollow. 52:22 The bronze top of one pillar was about seven and one-half feet high and had bronze latticework and pomegranate-shaped ornaments all around it. The second pillar with its pomegranate-shaped ornaments was like it.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Arabah a town of Judea west of Jerusalem on the border of Benjamin
 · Babylon a country of Babylon in lower Mesopotamia
 · hamath a town of Syria on the Orontes between Aleppo and Damascus (OS)
 · Hamath a town of unknown location
 · Hamutal mother of kings Jehoahaz and Zedekiah of Judah; daughter of Jeremiah
 · Jehoiakim son of Josiah; made king of Judah by Pharaoh Neco
 · Jeremiah a prophet of Judah in 627 B.C., who wrote the book of Jeremiah,a man of Libnah; father of Hamutal, mother of Jehoahaz, king of Judah,head of an important clan in eastern Manasseh in the time of Jotham,a Benjamite man who defected to David at Ziklag,the fifth of Saul's Gadite officers who defected to David in the wilderness,the tenth of Saul's Gadite officers who defected to David in the wilderness,a man from Anathoth of Benjamin; son of Hilkiah the priest; a major prophet in the time of the exile,an influential priest who returned from exile with Zerubbabel, who later signed the covenant to obey the law, and who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,one of Saul's Gadite officers who defected to David in the wilderness
 · Jericho a town five miles west of the Jordan and 15 miles northeast of Jerusalem,a town of Benjamin 11 km NW of the mouth of the Jordan River
 · Jerusalem the capital city of Israel,a town; the capital of Israel near the southern border of Benjamin
 · Judah the son of Jacob and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,a tribe, the land/country,a son of Joseph; the father of Simeon; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Jacob/Israel and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,the tribe of Judah,citizens of the southern kingdom of Judah,citizens of the Persian Province of Judah; the Jews who had returned from Babylonian exile,"house of Judah", a phrase which highlights the political leadership of the tribe of Judah,"king of Judah", a phrase which relates to the southern kingdom of Judah,"kings of Judah", a phrase relating to the southern kingdom of Judah,"princes of Judah", a phrase relating to the kingdom of Judah,the territory allocated to the tribe of Judah, and also the extended territory of the southern kingdom of Judah,the Province of Judah under Persian rule,"hill country of Judah", the relatively cool and green central highlands of the territory of Judah,"the cities of Judah",the language of the Jews; Hebrew,head of a family of Levites who returned from Exile,a Levite who put away his heathen wife,a man who was second in command of Jerusalem; son of Hassenuah of Benjamin,a Levite in charge of the songs of thanksgiving in Nehemiah's time,a leader who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah of Asaph dedicate Nehemiah's wall
 · Libnah a place where Israel encamped,a town in the western foothills of Judah 12 km SE of Gath & 23 km NE of Hebron
 · Nebuchadrezzar the king of Babylon who took Judah into exile
 · Nebuzaradan a man of Babylon; captain of the guard for Nebuchadnezzar
 · Riblah a town 80 km north of Damascus
 · Solomon the tenth son of David; the father of Rehoboam; an ancestor of Jesus; the third king of Israel.,son of David and Bath-Sheba; successor of King David
 · Zedekiah son of Chenaanah; a false prophet in the kingdom of King Ahab,son of King Josiah; made king of Judah by Nebuchadnezzar,son of King Jehoiachin,a signer of the covenant to obey the law with Nehemiah,son of Maaseiah; a false prophet in the time of King Jehoiachin,son of Hananiah; a prince of Judah in the time of Jehoiakim


Dictionary Themes and Topics: Zedekiah | Siege | SEPTUAGINT, 2 | NEBUCHADNEZZAR; NEBUCHADREZZAR | JEREMIAH (2) | Kings, The Books of | Babylon | Jerusalem | Month | Nebuzar-adan | Temple | Riblah | Fast | Pillar | TEMPLE, A1 | Laver | Hamutal | Caldron | JACHIN AND BOAZ | Shovel | more
Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Jer 52:1 Some textual witnesses support the Kethib (consonantal text) in reading “Hamital.”

NET Notes: Jer 52:2 Heb “what was evil in the eyes of the Lord.”

NET Notes: Jer 52:3 Heb “Surely (or “for”) because of the anger of the Lord this happened in Jerusalem and Judah until he drove them out from upon his f...

NET Notes: Jer 52:4 This would have been January 15, 588 b.c. The reckoning is based on the calendar that begins the year in the spring (Nisan = March/April).

NET Notes: Jer 52:6 Heb “the people of the land.”

NET Notes: Jer 52:7 Heb “toward the Arabah.” The Arabah was the rift valley north and south of the Dead Sea. Here the intention was undoubtedly to escape acro...

NET Notes: Jer 52:8 For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

NET Notes: Jer 52:9 Riblah was a strategic town on the Orontes River in Syria. It was at a crossing of the major roads between Egypt and Mesopotamia. Pharaoh Necho had ea...

NET Notes: Jer 52:11 Heb “fetters of bronze.” The more generic “chains” is used in the translation because “fetters” is a word unfamili...

NET Notes: Jer 52:12 Heb “stood before.”

NET Notes: Jer 52:15 Heb “poor of the people.”

NET Notes: Jer 52:16 Heb “poor of the land.”

NET Notes: Jer 52:17 For discussion of the items listed here, see the study notes at Jer 27:19.

NET Notes: Jer 52:18 Heb “with which they served (or “fulfilled their duty”).”

NET Notes: Jer 52:19 These vessels were used for drink offerings.

NET Notes: Jer 52:20 The translation follows the LXX (Greek version), which reflects the description in 1 Kgs 7:25-26. The Hebrew text reads, “the twelve bronze bull...

NET Notes: Jer 52:21 Heb “four fingers.”

NET Notes: Jer 52:22 Heb “five cubits.” A “cubit” was a unit of measure, approximately equivalent to a foot and a half.

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