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Text -- Luke 11:1-54 (NET)

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Instructions on Prayer
11:1 Now Jesus was praying in a certain place. When he stopped, one of his disciples said to him, “Lord, teach us to pray, just as John taught his disciples.” 11:2 So he said to them, “When you pray, say: Father, may your name be honored; may your kingdom come. 11:3 Give us each day our daily bread, 11:4 and forgive us our sins, for we also forgive everyone who sins against us. And do not lead us into temptation.” 11:5 Then he said to them, “Suppose one of you has a friend, and you go to him at midnight and say to him, ‘Friend, lend me three loaves of bread, 11:6 because a friend of mine has stopped here while on a journey, and I have nothing to set before him.’ 11:7 Then he will reply reply from inside, ‘Do not bother bother me. The door is already shut, and my children and I are in bed. I cannot cannot get up and give you anything.’ 11:8 I tell you, even though the man inside will not get up and give him anything because he is his friend, yet because of the first man’s sheer persistence he will get up and give him whatever he needs. 11:9 “So I tell you: Ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and the door will be opened for you. 11:10 For everyone who asks receives, and the one who seeks finds, and to the one who knocks, the door will be opened. 11:11 What father among you, if your son asks for a fish, will give him a snake instead of a fish? 11:12 Or if he asks for an egg, will give him a scorpion? 11:13 If you then, although you are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!”
Jesus and Beelzebul
11:14 Now he was casting out a demon that was mute. When the demon had gone out, the man who had been mute began to speak, and the crowds were amazed. 11:15 But some of them said, “By the power of Beelzebul, the ruler of demons, he casts out demons.” 11:16 Others, to test him, began asking for a sign from heaven. 11:17 But Jesus, realizing their thoughts, said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself is destroyed, and a divided household falls. 11:18 So if Satan too is divided against himself, how will his kingdom stand? I ask you this because you claim that I cast out demons by Beelzebul. 11:19 Now if I cast out demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your sons cast them out? Therefore they will be your judges. 11:20 But if I cast out demons by the finger of God, then the kingdom of God has already overtaken you. 11:21 When a strong man, fully armed, guards his own palace, his possessions are safe. 11:22 But when a stronger man attacks and conquers him, he takes away the first man’s armor on which the man relied and divides up his plunder. 11:23 Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters.
Response to Jesus’ Work
11:24 “When an unclean spirit goes out of a person, it passes through waterless places looking for rest but not finding any. Then it says, ‘I will return to the home I left.’ 11:25 When it returns, it finds the house swept clean and put in order. 11:26 Then it goes and brings seven other spirits more evil than itself, and they go in and live there, so the last state of that person is worse than the first.” 11:27 As he said these things, a woman in the crowd spoke out to him, “Blessed is the womb that bore you and the breasts at which you nursed!” 11:28 But he replied, “Blessed rather are those who hear the word of God and obey it!”
The Sign of Jonah
11:29 As the crowds were increasing, Jesus began to say, “This generation is a wicked generation; it looks for a sign, but no sign will be given to it except the sign of Jonah. 11:30 For just as Jonah became a sign to the people of Nineveh, so the Son of Man will be a sign to this generation. 11:31 The queen of the South will rise up at the judgment with the people of this generation and condemn them, because she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon– and now, something greater than Solomon is here! 11:32 The people of Nineveh will stand up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it, because they repented when Jonah preached to them– and now, something greater than Jonah is here!
Internal Light
11:33 “No one after lighting a lamp puts it in a hidden place or under a basket, but on a lampstand, so that those who come in can see the light. 11:34 Your eye is the lamp of your body. When your eye is healthy, your whole body is full of light, but when it is diseased, your body is full of darkness. 11:35 Therefore see to it that the light in you is not darkness. 11:36 If then your whole body is full of light, with no part in the dark, it will be as full of light as when the light of a lamp shines on you.”
Rebuking the Pharisees and Experts in the Law
11:37 As he spoke, a Pharisee invited Jesus to have a meal with him, so he went in and took his place at the table. 11:38 The Pharisee was astonished when he saw that Jesus did not first wash his hands before the meal. 11:39 But the Lord said to him, “Now you Pharisees clean the outside of the cup and the plate, but inside you are full of greed and wickedness. 11:40 You fools! Didn’t the one who made the outside make the inside as well? 11:41 But give from your heart to those in need, and then everything will be clean for you. 11:42 “But woe to you Pharisees! You give a tenth of your mint, rue, and every herb, yet you neglect justice and love for God! But you should have done these things without neglecting the others. 11:43 Woe to you Pharisees! You love the best seats in the synagogues and elaborate greetings in the marketplaces! 11:44 Woe to you! You are like unmarked graves, and people walk over them without realizing it!” 11:45 One of the experts in religious law answered him, “Teacher, when you say these things you insult us too.” 11:46 But Jesus replied, “Woe to you experts in religious law as well! You load people down with burdens difficult to bear, yet you yourselves refuse to touch the burdens with even one of your fingers! 11:47 Woe to you! You build the tombs of the prophets whom your ancestors killed. 11:48 So you testify that you approve of the deeds of your ancestors, because they killed the prophets and you build their tombs! 11:49 For this reason also the wisdom of God said, ‘I will send them prophets and apostles, some of whom they will kill and persecute,’ 11:50 so that this generation may be held accountable for the blood of all the prophets that has been shed since the beginning of the world, 11:51 from the blood of Abel to the blood of Zechariah, who was killed between the altar and the sanctuary. Yes, I tell you, it will be charged against this generation. 11:52 Woe to you experts in religious law! You have taken away the key to knowledge! You did not go in yourselves, and you hindered those who were going in.” 11:53 When he went out from there, the experts in the law and the Pharisees began to oppose him bitterly, and to ask him hostile questions about many things, 11:54 plotting against him, to catch him in something he might say.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Abel the second son of Adam and Eve; the brother of Cain,an English name representing two different Hebrew names,as representing the Hebrew name 'Hebel' or 'Habel',the second son of Adam,as representing the Hebrew name 'Abel',a town in northern Israel near Dan (OS)
 · Beelzebul the prince of demons
 · John a son of Zebedee; younger brother of James; the beloved disciple of Christ,a relative of Annas the high priest,a son of Mary the sister of Barnabas, and surnamed Mark,the father of Simon Peter
 · Jonah a son of Amittai; the prophet God sent to Nineveh,the prophet who was swallowed by the great fish; son of Amittai
 · Nineveh a town located on the left bank of the Tigris River in northeastern Mesopotamia (Iraq).,the capital city of Assyria
 · Pharisee a religious group or sect of the Jews
 · Satan a person, male (evil angelic),an angel that has rebelled against God
 · Solomon the tenth son of David; the father of Rehoboam; an ancestor of Jesus; the third king of Israel.,son of David and Bath-Sheba; successor of King David
 · Zechariah the father of John the baptist,a son of Berekiah, a righteous man who was killed by the Jewish authorities,son and successor of King Jeroboam,father of Abi, the mother of King Hezekiah,a leader of the tribe of Reuben,son of Meshelemiah; a door keeper for the tent of meeting,son of Jeiel and Maacah of Gibeon,a Levite gate keeper and harpist in David's time,a priest and trumpeter in David's time,son of Isshiah (Uzziel Kohath Levi),son of Hosah; a pre-exile Levite gatekeeper,a man of Manasseh in Gilead in Saul and David's time,a prince whom Jehoshaphat sent to teach the law around Judah,son of Benaiah (Asaph Levi),son of King Jehoshaphat,son of Jehoiada the priest; a prophet,a man who influenced King Uzziah for good,a Levite (Asaph) who helped Hezekiah cleanse the temple,a Levite (Kohath) who helped King Josiah restore the temple,a chief officer of the house of God in Josiah's time,son of Berechiah; a priest; writer of the book of Zechariah,leader among the Parosh clansmen who returned from exile,son of Bebai; leader among Bebai clansmen returned from exile,a lay man of the Elam Clan who put away his heathen wife,a man who stood with Ezra when he read the law to the assembly,son of Amariah of Judah,a descendant of Shelah,son of Pashhur; a priest whose descendants returned from exile,son of Jonathan (Asaph Levi),son of Jeberechiah; a witness to Isaiah's prophesy


Dictionary Themes and Topics: LUKE, THE GOSPEL OF | JESUS CHRIST, 4C1 | DECLARATION; DECLARE | Jesus, The Christ | JESUS CHRIST, 4E1 | JESUS CHRIST, 4D | Pharisees | Prayer | Self-righteousness | Reproof | Satire | Teachers | Hypocrisy | Lawyer | PRAYERS OF CHRIST | Jonah | Minister | DISCREPANCIES, BIBLICAL | Backsliders | Beelzebub | more
Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Luk 11:1 It was not unusual for Jewish groups to have their own prayer as a way of expressing corporate identity. Judaism had the Eighteen Benedictions and app...

NET Notes: Luk 11:2 Your kingdom come represents the hope for the full manifestation of God’s promised rule.

NET Notes: Luk 11:3 Or “Give us bread each day for the coming day,” or “Give us each day the bread we need for today.” The term ἐπι...

NET Notes: Luk 11:4 The request Do not lead us into temptation is not to suggest that God causes temptation, but is a rhetorical way to ask for his protection from sin.

NET Notes: Luk 11:5 The words “of bread” are not in the Greek text, but are implied by ἄρτους (artou", “loaves”...

NET Notes: Luk 11:6 The background to the statement I have nothing to set before him is that in ancient Middle Eastern culture it was a matter of cultural honor to be a g...

NET Notes: Luk 11:7 The syntax of vv. 6-7 is complex. In the Greek text Jesus’ words in v. 6 begin as a question. Some see Jesus’ question ending at v. 6, but...

NET Notes: Luk 11:8 The term ἀναίδεια (anaideia) is hard to translate. It refers to a combination of ideas, a boldness that persi...

NET Notes: Luk 11:9 Grk “it”; the referent (a door) is implied by the context and has been specified in the translation for clarity.

NET Notes: Luk 11:10 Grk “it”; the referent (a door) is implied by the context and has been specified in the translation for clarity.

NET Notes: Luk 11:11 The snake probably refers to a water snake.

NET Notes: Luk 11:12 The two questions of vv. 11-12 expect the answer, “No father would do this!”

NET Notes: Luk 11:13 The provision of the Holy Spirit is probably a reference to the wisdom and guidance supplied in response to repeated requests. Some apply it to the ge...

NET Notes: Luk 11:14 This miracle is different from others in Luke. The miracle is told entirely in one verse and with minimum detail, while the response covers several ve...

NET Notes: Luk 11:15 Or “prince.”

NET Notes: Luk 11:16 What exactly this sign would have been, given what Jesus was already doing, is not clear. But here is where the fence-sitters reside, refusing to comm...

NET Notes: Luk 11:17 Grk “and house falls on house.” This phrase pictures one house collapsing on another, what is called today a “house of cards.”

NET Notes: Luk 11:18 Grk “because.” “I ask you this” is supplied for the sake of English.

NET Notes: Luk 11:19 The pronoun “them” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context.

NET Notes: Luk 11:20 The phrase ἔφθασεν ἐφ᾿ ὑμᾶς (efqasen ef’ Juma") is important. Do...

NET Notes: Luk 11:21 Grk “his goods are in peace.”

NET Notes: Luk 11:22 Some see the imagery here as similar to Eph 4:7-10, although no opponents are explicitly named in that passage. Jesus has the victory over Satan. Jesu...

NET Notes: Luk 11:23 For the image of scattering, see Pss. Sol. 17:18.

NET Notes: Luk 11:24 Grk “I will return to my house from which I came.”

NET Notes: Luk 11:25 The image of the house swept clean and put in order refers to the life of the person from whom the demon departed. The key to the example appears to b...

NET Notes: Luk 11:26 The point of the story is that to fail to respond is to risk a worse fate than when one started.

NET Notes: Luk 11:27 Both the reference to the womb and the breasts form a figure of speech called metonymy. In this case the parts are mentioned instead of the whole; the...

NET Notes: Luk 11:28 This is another reference to hearing and doing the word of God, which here describes Jesus’ teaching; see Luke 8:21.

NET Notes: Luk 11:29 As the following comparisons to Solomon and Jonah show, in the present context the sign of Jonah is not an allusion to Jonah being three days in the b...

NET Notes: Luk 11:30 Only the Western ms D and a few Itala mss add here a long reference to Jonah being in the belly of the fish for three days and nights and the Son of M...

NET Notes: Luk 11:31 The message of Jesus was something greater than what Solomon offered. On Jesus and wisdom, see Luke 7:35; 10:21-22; 1 Cor 1:24, 30.

NET Notes: Luk 11:32 Grk “behold.”

NET Notes: Luk 11:33 Or “a bowl”; this refers to any container for dry material of about eight liters (two gallons) capacity. It could be translated “bas...

NET Notes: Luk 11:34 There may be a slight wordplay here, as this term can also mean “evil,” so the figure uses a term that points to the real meaning of being...

NET Notes: Luk 11:35 Here you is a singular pronoun, individualizing the application.

NET Notes: Luk 11:36 Grk “it will be completely illumined as when a lamp illumines you with its rays.”

NET Notes: Luk 11:37 Grk “and reclined at table,” as 1st century middle eastern meals were not eaten while sitting at a table, but while reclining on one’...

NET Notes: Luk 11:38 Washing before meals was a cultural practice that was described in the OT, but not prescribed there (Gen 18:4; Judg 19:21). It was apparently related ...

NET Notes: Luk 11:39 Or “and evil.”

NET Notes: Luk 11:40 The question includes a Greek particle, οὐ (ou), that expects a positive reply. God, the maker of both, is concerned for what is both insid...

NET Notes: Luk 11:41 The expression everything will be clean for you refers to the agreement that should exist between the overt practice of one’s religious duties, ...

NET Notes: Luk 11:42 Grk “those”; but this has been translated as “the others” to clarify which are meant.

NET Notes: Luk 11:43 The later Jewish summary of oral tradition, the Talmud, notes elaborate greetings for rabbis. The rebuke here is for pride.

NET Notes: Luk 11:44 In Judaism to come into contact with the dead or what is associated with them, even without knowing it, makes one unclean (Num 19:11-22; Lev 21:1-3; M...

NET Notes: Luk 11:45 For this term, see Matt 22;6; Luke 18:32; Acts 14:5; 1 Thess 2:2.

NET Notes: Luk 11:46 Grk “you yourselves do not touch.” This could mean one of two things: (1) Either they make others do what they themselves do not (through ...

NET Notes: Luk 11:47 Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”

NET Notes: Luk 11:48 The majority of mss list a specific object (“their tombs”), filling out the sentence (although there are two different words for “to...

NET Notes: Luk 11:49 The expression the wisdom of God is a personification of an attribute of God that refers to his wise will.

NET Notes: Luk 11:50 The order of the clauses in this complicated sentence has been rearranged to simplify it for the modern reader.

NET Notes: Luk 11:51 Or “required from.”

NET Notes: Luk 11:52 Or “you tried to prevent.”

NET Notes: Luk 11:53 For this term see L&N 33.183.

NET Notes: Luk 11:54 This term was often used in a hunting context (BDAG 455 s.v. θηρεύω; L&N 27.30). Later examples of this appear in Lu...

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