10:28 That day Joshua captured Makkedah and put the sword to it and its king. He annihilated everyone who lived in it; he left no survivors. He did to its king what he had done to the king of Jericho. 5
7:16 You must destroy 17 all the people whom the Lord your God is about to deliver over to you; you must not pity them or worship 18 their gods, for that will be a snare to you.
20:16 As for the cities of these peoples that 19 the Lord your God is going to give you as an inheritance, you must not allow a single living thing 20 to survive. 20:17 Instead you must utterly annihilate them 21 – the Hittites, 22 Amorites, 23 Canaanites, 24 Perizzites, 25 Hivites, 26 and Jebusites 27 – just as the Lord your God has commanded you,
20:1 When you go to war against your enemies and see chariotry 28 and troops 29 who outnumber you, do not be afraid of them, for the Lord your God, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt, is with you.
15:19 You must set apart 34 for the Lord your God every firstborn male born to your herds and flocks. You must not work the firstborn of your bulls or shear the firstborn of your flocks.
15:1 At the end of every seven years you must declare a cancellation 35 of debts.
20:1 When you go to war against your enemies and see chariotry 36 and troops 37 who outnumber you, do not be afraid of them, for the Lord your God, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt, is with you.
137:8 O daughter Babylon, soon to be devastated! 38
How blessed will be the one who repays you
for what you dished out to us! 39
137:9 How blessed will be the one who grabs your babies
and smashes them on a rock! 40
48:18 Come down from your place of honor;
sit on the dry ground, 41 you who live in Dibon. 42
For the one who will destroy Moab will attack you;
he will destroy your fortifications.
18:21 Then 43 one powerful angel picked up a stone like a huge millstone, threw it into the sea, and said,
“With this kind of sudden violent force 44
Babylon the great city will be thrown down 45
and it will never be found again!
1 tn Heb “your servants.”
2 tn Or “we were very afraid.”
3 tn Heb “so now, look, we are in your hand.”
4 tn Heb “according to what is good and according to what is upright in your eyes to do us, do.”
5 map For location see Map5-B2; Map6-E1; Map7-E1; Map8-E3; Map10-A2; Map11-A1.
6 tn Heb “He”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).
7 tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).
8 tn Heb “He”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).
9 tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).
10 tn Heb “as he did to Hebron, so he did to Debir and its king, and as he did to Libnah and its king.” The clauses have been rearranged in the translation for stylistic reasons.
11 tn Heb “but all the people they struck down with the edge of the sword until they destroyed them.”
12 tn Heb “every city of men.” This apparently identifies the cities as inhabited.
13 tn Heb “under the ban” (נַחֲרֵם, nakharem). The verb employed is חָרַם (kharam, usually in the Hiphil) and the associated noun is חֵרֶם (kherem). See J. Naudé, NIDOTTE, 2:276-77, and, for a more thorough discussion, Susan Niditch, War in the Hebrew Bible, 28-77.
14 tn Heb “the
15 tn In the Hebrew text the infinitive absolute before the finite verb emphasizes the statement. The imperfect has an obligatory nuance here. Cf. ASV “shalt (must NRSV) utterly destroy them”; CEV “must destroy them without mercy.”
16 tn Heb “covenant” (so NASB, NRSV); TEV “alliance.”
17 tn Heb “devour” (so NRSV); KJV, NAB, NASB “consume.” The verbal form (a perfect with vav consecutive) is understood here as having an imperatival or obligatory nuance (cf. the instructions and commands that follow). Another option is to take the statement as a continuation of the preceding conditional promises and translate “and you will destroy.”
18 tn Or “serve” (so KJV, NIV, NRSV).
19 tn The antecedent of the relative pronoun is “cities.”
20 tn Heb “any breath.”
21 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation seeks to reflect with “utterly.” Cf. CEV “completely wipe out.”
22 sn Hittite. The center of Hittite power was in Anatolia (central modern Turkey). In the Late Bronze Age (1550-1200
23 sn Amorite. Originally from the upper Euphrates region (Amurru), the Amorites appear to have migrated into Canaan beginning in 2200
24 sn Canaanite. These were the indigenous peoples of the land of Palestine, going back to the beginning of recorded history (ca. 3000
25 sn Perizzite. This probably refers to a subgroup of Canaanites (Gen 13:7; 34:30).
26 sn Hivite. These are usually thought to be the same as the Hurrians, a people well-known in ancient Near Eastern texts. They are likely identical to the Horites (see note on “Horites” in Deut 2:12).
27 tc The LXX adds “Girgashites” here at the end of the list in order to list the full (and usual) complement of seven (see note on “seven” in Deut 7:1).
28 tn Heb “horse and chariot.”
29 tn Heb “people.”
30 tn Heb “your brother.”
31 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute before both verbs. The translation indicates the emphasis with the words “be sure to” and “generously,” respectively.
32 tn Heb “whatever his need that he needs for himself.” This redundant expression has been simplified in the translation for stylistic reasons.
33 tn The Hebrew term מִשְׁנֶה (mishneh, “twice”) could mean “equivalent to” (cf. NRSV) or, more likely, “double” (cf. NAB, NIV, NLT). The idea is that a hired worker would put in only so many hours per day whereas a bondslave was available around the clock.
34 tn Heb “sanctify” (תַּקְדִּישׁ, taqdish), that is, put to use on behalf of the
35 tn The Hebrew term שְׁמִטָּת (shÿmittat), a derivative of the verb שָׁמַט (shamat, “to release; to relinquish”), refers to the cancellation of the debt and even pledges for the debt of a borrower by his creditor. This could be a full and final remission or, more likely, one for the seventh year only. See R. Wakely, NIDOTTE 4:155-60. Here the words “of debts” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied. Cf. NAB “a relaxation of debts”; NASB, NRSV “a remission of debts.”
36 tn Heb “horse and chariot.”
37 tn Heb “people.”
38 tn Heb “O devastated daughter of Babylon.” The psalmist dramatically anticipates Babylon’s demise.
39 tn Heb “O the happiness of the one who repays you your wage which you paid to us.”
40 sn For other references to the wholesale slaughter of babies in the context of ancient Near Eastern warfare, see 2 Kgs 8:12; Isa 13:16; Hos 13:16; Nah 3:10.
41 tn Heb “sit in thirst.” The abstract “thirst” is put for the concrete, i.e., thirsty or parched ground (cf. Deut 8:19; Isa 35:7; Ps 107:33) for the concrete. There is no need to emend to “filth” (צֹאָה [tso’ah] for צָמָא [tsama’]) as is sometimes suggested.
42 tn Heb “inhabitant of Daughter Dibon.” “Daughter” is used here as often in Jeremiah for the personification of a city, a country, or its inhabitants. The word “inhabitant” is to be understood as a collective as also in v. 19.
43 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
44 tn On ὅρμημα ({ormhma) BDAG 724 s.v. states, “violent rush, onset ὁρμήματι βληθήσεται Βαβυλών Babylon will be thrown down with violence Rv 18:21.” L&N 68.82 refers to the suddenness of the force or violence.
45 sn Thrown down is a play on both the words and the action. The angel’s action with the stone illustrates the kind of sudden violent force with which the city will be overthrown.