1 Corinthians 14:29-30

14:29 Two or three prophets should speak and the others should evaluate what is said. 14:30 And if someone sitting down receives a revelation, the person who is speaking should conclude.

1 Corinthians 14:1

Prophecy and Tongues

14:1 Pursue love and be eager for the spiritual gifts, especially that you may prophesy.

1 Corinthians 10:10-13

10:10 And do not complain, as some of them did, and were killed by the destroying angel. ¹  10:11 These things happened to them as examples and were written for our instruction, on whom the ends of the ages have come. 10:12 So let the one who thinks he is standing be careful that he does not fall. 10:13 No trial has overtaken you that is not faced by others. ²  And God is faithful: He ³  will not let you be tried beyond what you are able to bear, ⁴  but with the trial will also provide a way out so that you may be able to endure it.

1 Corinthians 1:19-24

1:19 For it is written, “I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and I will thwart the cleverness of the intelligent.” ⁵  1:20 Where is the wise man? Where is the expert in the Mosaic law? ⁶  Where is the debater of this age? Has God not made the wisdom of the world foolish? 1:21 For since in the wisdom of God the world by its wisdom did not know God, God was pleased to save those who believe by the foolishness of preaching. 1:22 For Jews demand miraculous signs and Greeks ask for wisdom, 1:23 but we preach about a crucified Christ, ⁷  a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles. 1:24 But to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ is the power of God and the wisdom of God.

1 Corinthians 1:2

1:2 to the church of God that is in Corinth, ⁸  to those who are sanctified in Christ Jesus, and called to be saints, with all those in every place who call on the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, their Lord and ours. ⁹ 

1 Corinthians 2:3

2:3 And I was with you in weakness and in fear and with much trembling.

1 Corinthians 2:5

2:5 so that your faith would not be based on human wisdom but on the power of God.

Job 32:8-11

32:8 But it is a spirit in people,

the breath ¹⁰  of the Almighty,

that makes them understand.

32:9 It is not the aged ¹¹  who are wise,

nor old men who understand what is right.

32:10 Therefore I say, ‘Listen ¹²  to me.

I, even I, will explain what I know.’

32:11 Look, I waited for you to speak; ¹³ 

I listened closely to your wise thoughts, ¹⁴ while you were searching for words.

Jeremiah 20:9

20:9 Sometimes I think, “I will make no mention of his message.

I will not speak as his messenger ¹⁵  any more.”

But then ¹⁶  his message becomes like a fire

locked up inside of me, burning in my heart and soul. ¹⁷ 

I grow weary of trying to hold it in;

I cannot contain it.

Acts 4:19-20

4:19 But Peter and John replied, ¹⁸  “Whether it is right before God to obey ¹⁹  you rather than God, you decide, 4:20 for it is impossible ²⁰  for us not to speak about what we have seen and heard.”

Acts 4:1

The Arrest and Trial of Peter and John

4:1 While Peter and John ²¹  were speaking to the people, the priests and the commander ²²  of the temple guard ²³  and the Sadducees ²⁴  came up ²⁵  to them,

Acts 4:1

The Arrest and Trial of Peter and John

4:1 While Peter and John ²⁶  were speaking to the people, the priests and the commander ²⁷  of the temple guard ²⁸  and the Sadducees ²⁹  came up ³⁰  to them,

[10:10]  ¹ tn Grk “by the destroyer.” BDAG 703 s.v. ὀλοθρευτῆς mentions the corresponding OT references and notes, “the one meant is the destroying angel as the one who carries out the divine sentence of punishment, or perh. Satan.”

[10:13]  ² tn Grk “except a human one” or “except one common to humanity.”

[10:13]  ³ tn Grk “God is faithful who.” The relative pronoun was changed to a personal pronoun in the translation for clarity.

[10:13]  ⁴ tn The words “to bear” are not in the Greek text, but are implied. They have been supplied in the translation to clarify the meaning.

[1:19]  ⁵ sn A quotation from Isa 29:14.

[1:20]  ⁶ tn Grk “the scribe.” The traditional rendering of γραμματεύς (grammateu") as “scribe” does not communicate much to the modern English reader, for whom the term might mean “professional copyist,” if it means anything at all. The people referred to here were recognized experts in the law of Moses and in traditional laws and regulations. Thus “expert in the Mosaic law” comes closer to the meaning for the modern reader.

[1:23]  ⁷ tn Or “Messiah”; Grk “preach Christ [Messiah] crucified,” giving the content of the message.

[1:2]  ⁸ map For location see JP1 C2; JP2 C2; JP3 C2; JP4 C2.

[1:2]  ⁹ tn Grk “theirs and ours.”

[32:8]  ¹⁰ tn This is the word נְשָׁמָה (nÿshamah, “breath”); according to Gen 2:7 it was breathed into Adam to make him a living person (“soul”). With that divine impartation came this spiritual understanding. Some commentators identify the רוּחַ (ruakh) in the first line as the Spirit of God; this “breath” would then be the human spirit. Whether Elihu knew that much, however, is hard to prove.

[32:9]  ¹¹ tn The MT has “the great” or “the many,” meaning great in years according to the parallelism.

[32:10]  ¹² tc In most Hebrew mss this imperative is singular, and so addressed to Job. But two Hebrew mss and the versions have the plural. Elihu was probably addressing all of them.

[32:11]  ¹³ tn Heb “for your words.”

[32:11]  ¹⁴ tn The word means “understanding.” It refers to the faculty of perception and comprehension; but it also can refer to what that produces, especially when it is in the plural (see Ps 49:4). See R. Gordis, Job, 368. Others translate it “reasonings,” “arguments,” etc.

[20:9]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “speak in his name.” This idiom occurs in passages where someone functions as the messenger under the authority of another. See Exod 5:23; Deut 18:19, 29:20; Jer 14:14. The antecedent in the first line is quite commonly misidentified as being “him,” i.e., the Lord. Comparison, however, with the rest of the context, especially the consequential clause “then it becomes” (וְהָיָה, vÿhayah), and Jer 23:36 shows that it is “the word of the Lord.”

[20:9]  ¹⁶ tn The English sentence has again been restructured for the sake of English style. The Hebrew construction involves two vav consecutive perfects in a condition and consequence relation, “If I say to myself…then it [his word] becomes.” See GKC 337 §112.kk for the construction.

[20:9]  ¹⁷ sn Heb “It is in my heart like a burning fire, shut up in my bones.” In addition to standing as part for the whole, the “bones” for the person (e.g., Ps 35:10), the bones were associated with fear (e.g., Job 4:14) and with pain (e.g., Job 33:19, Ps 102:3 [102:4 HT]) and joy or sorrow (e.g., Ps 51:8 [51:10 HT]). As has been mentioned several times, the heart was connected with intellectual and volitional concerns.

[4:19]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “answered and said to them.”

[4:19]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “hear,” but the idea of “hear and obey” or simply “obey” is frequently contained in the Greek verb ἀκούω (akouw; see L&N 36.14).

[4:20]  ²⁰ tn Grk “for we are not able not to speak about what we have seen and heard,” but the double negative, which cancels out in English, is emphatic in Greek. The force is captured somewhat by the English translation “it is impossible for us not to speak…” although this is slightly awkward.

[4:1]  ²¹ tn Grk “While they”; the referents (Peter and John) have been specified in the translation for clarity.

[4:1]  ²² tn Or “captain.”

[4:1]  ²³ tn Grk “the official of the temple,” a title for the commander of the Jewish soldiers guarding the temple (thus the translation, “the commander of the temple guard”). See L&N 37.91.

[4:1]  ²⁴ sn The Sadducees controlled the official political structures of Judaism at this time, being the majority members of the Sanhedrin. They were known as extremely strict on law and order issues (Josephus, J. W. 2.8.2 [2.119], 2.8.14 [2.164-166]; Ant. 13.5.9 [13.171-173], 13.10.6 [13.293-298], 18.1.2 [18.11], 18.1.4 [18.16-17], 20.9.1 [20.199]; Life 2 [10-11]). See also Matt 3:7; 16:1-12; 22:23-34; Mark 12:18-27; Luke 20:27-38; Acts 5:17; 23:6-8.

[4:1]  ²⁵ tn Or “approached.” This verb often denotes a sudden appearing (BDAG 418 s.v. ἐφίστημι 1).

[4:1]  ²⁶ tn Grk “While they”; the referents (Peter and John) have been specified in the translation for clarity.

[4:1]  ²⁷ tn Or “captain.”

[4:1]  ²⁸ tn Grk “the official of the temple,” a title for the commander of the Jewish soldiers guarding the temple (thus the translation, “the commander of the temple guard”). See L&N 37.91.

[4:1]  ²⁹ sn The Sadducees controlled the official political structures of Judaism at this time, being the majority members of the Sanhedrin. They were known as extremely strict on law and order issues (Josephus, J. W. 2.8.2 [2.119], 2.8.14 [2.164-166]; Ant. 13.5.9 [13.171-173], 13.10.6 [13.293-298], 18.1.2 [18.11], 18.1.4 [18.16-17], 20.9.1 [20.199]; Life 2 [10-11]). See also Matt 3:7; 16:1-12; 22:23-34; Mark 12:18-27; Luke 20:27-38; Acts 5:17; 23:6-8.

[4:1]  ³⁰ tn Or “approached.” This verb often denotes a sudden appearing (BDAG 418 s.v. ἐφίστημι 1).