Psalms 22:27-30

22:27 Let all the people of the earth acknowledge the Lord and turn to him! ¹ 

Let all the nations ²  worship you! ³ 

22:28 For the Lord is king ⁴ 

and rules over the nations.

22:29 All of the thriving people ⁵  of the earth will join the celebration and worship; ⁶ 

all those who are descending into the grave ⁷  will bow before him,

including those who cannot preserve their lives. ⁸ 

22:30 A whole generation ⁹  will serve him;

they will tell the next generation about the sovereign Lord. ¹⁰ 

Psalms 59:1-2

Psalm 59 ¹¹ 

For the music director; according to the al-tashcheth style; ¹²  a prayer ¹³  of David, written when Saul sent men to surround his house and murder him. ¹⁴ 

59:1 Deliver me from my enemies, my God!

Protect me ¹⁵  from those who attack me! ¹⁶ 

59:2 Deliver me from evildoers! ¹⁷ 

Rescue me from violent men! ¹⁸ 

Psalms 89:13

89:13 Your arm is powerful,

your hand strong,

your right hand ¹⁹  victorious. ²⁰ 

Philippians 2:9

2:9 As a result God exalted him

and gave him the name

that is above every name,

[22:27]  ¹ tn Heb “may all the ends of the earth remember and turn to the Lord.” The prefixed verbal forms in v. 27 are understood as jussives (cf. NEB). Another option (cf. NIV, NRSV) is to take the forms as imperfects and translate, “all the people of the earth will acknowledge and turn…and worship.” See vv. 29-32.

[22:27]  ² tn Heb “families of the nations.”

[22:27]  ³ tn Heb “before you.”

[22:28]  ⁴ tn Heb “for to the Lord [is] dominion.”

[22:29]  ⁵ tn Heb “fat [ones].” This apparently refers to those who are healthy and robust, i.e., thriving. In light of the parallelism, some prefer to emend the form to יְשֵׁנֵי (yÿsheney, “those who sleep [in the earth]”; cf. NAB, NRSV), but דִּשְׁנֵי (dishney, “fat [ones]”) seems to form a merism with “all who descend into the grave” in the following line. The psalmist envisions all people, whether healthy or dying, joining in worship of the Lord.

[22:29]  ⁶ tn Heb “eat and worship.” The verb forms (a perfect followed by a prefixed form with vav [ו] consecutive) are normally used in narrative to relate completed actions. Here the psalmist uses the forms rhetorically as he envisions a time when the Lord will receive universal worship. The mood is one of wishful thinking and anticipation; this is not prophecy in the strict sense.

[22:29]  ⁷ tn Heb “all of the ones going down [into] the dust.” This group stands in contrast to those mentioned in the previous line. Together the two form a merism encompassing all human beings – the healthy, the dying, and everyone in between.

[22:29]  ⁸ tn Heb “and his life he does not revive.”

[22:30]  ⁹ tn Heb “offspring.”

[22:30]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “it will be told concerning the Lord to the generation.” The Hebrew term translated “Lord” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[59:1]  ¹¹ sn Psalm 59. The psalmist calls down judgment on his foreign enemies, whom he compares to ravenous wild dogs.

[59:1]  ¹² tn Heb “do not destroy.” Perhaps this refers to a particular style of music, a tune title, or a musical instrument. These words also appear in the superscription to Pss 57-58, 75.

[59:1]  ¹³ tn The precise meaning of the Hebrew word מִכְתָּם (miktam), which also appears in the heading to Pss 16, 56-58, 60 is uncertain. HALOT 582-83 s.v. defines it as “inscription.”

[59:1]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “when Saul sent and they watched his house in order to kill him.”

[59:1]  ¹⁵ tn Or “make me secure”; Heb “set me on high.”

[59:1]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “from those who raise themselves up [against] me.”

[59:2]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “from the workers of wickedness.”

[59:2]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “from men of bloodshed.”

[89:13]  ¹⁹ sn The Lord’s arm, hand, and right hand all symbolize his activities, especially his exploits in war.

[89:13]  ²⁰ tn Heb “is lifted up.” The idiom “the right hand is lifted up” refers to victorious military deeds (see Pss 89:42; 118:16).