Romans 10:1

10:1 Brothers and sisters, ¹  my heart’s desire and prayer to God on behalf of my fellow Israelites ²  is for their salvation.

Romans 10:1

10:1 Brothers and sisters, ³  my heart’s desire and prayer to God on behalf of my fellow Israelites ⁴  is for their salvation.

Romans 15:1

Exhortation for the Strong to Help the Weak

15:1 But we who are strong ought to bear with the failings of the weak, and not just please ourselves. ⁵ 

Psalms 119:136

119:136 Tears stream down from my eyes, ⁶ 

because people ⁷  do not keep your law.

Isaiah 66:10

66:10 Be happy for Jerusalem

and rejoice with her, all you who love her!

Share in her great joy,

all you who have mourned over her!

Jeremiah 9:1

9:1 (8:23) ⁸  I wish that my head were a well full of water ⁹ 

and my eyes were a fountain full of tears!

If they were, I could cry day and night

for those of my dear people ¹⁰  who have been killed.

Jeremiah 13:17

13:17 But if you will not pay attention to this warning, ¹¹ 

I will weep alone because of your arrogant pride.

I will weep bitterly and my eyes will overflow with tears ¹² 

because you, the Lord’s flock, ¹³  will be carried ¹⁴  into exile.”

Lamentations 1:12

ל (Lamed)

1:12 Is it nothing to you, ¹⁵  all you who pass by on the road? ¹⁶ 

Look and see!

Is there any pain like mine?

The Lord ¹⁷  has afflicted me, ¹⁸ 

he ¹⁹  has inflicted it on me

when ²⁰  he burned with anger. ²¹ 

Lamentations 3:48-49

3:48 Streams ²²  of tears flow from my eyes ²³ 

because my people ²⁴  are destroyed. ²⁵ 

ע (Ayin)

3:49 Tears flow from my eyes ²⁶  and will not stop;

there will be no break ²⁷ 

Lamentations 3:51

3:51 What my eyes see ²⁸  grieves me ²⁹  –

all the suffering of the daughters in my city. ³⁰ 

Ezekiel 9:4

9:4 The Lord said to him, “Go through the city of Jerusalem ³¹  and put a mark ³²  on the foreheads of the people who moan and groan over all the abominations practiced in it.”

Luke 19:41-44

Jesus Weeps for Jerusalem under Judgment

19:41 Now ³³  when Jesus ³⁴  approached ³⁵  and saw the city, he wept over it, 19:42 saying, “If you had only known on this day, ³⁶  even you, the things that make for peace! ³⁷  But now they are hidden ³⁸  from your eyes. 19:43 For the days will come upon you when your enemies will build ³⁹  an embankment ⁴⁰  against you and surround you and close in on you from every side. 19:44 They will demolish you ⁴¹  – you and your children within your walls ⁴²  – and they will not leave within you one stone ⁴³  on top of another, ⁴⁴  because you did not recognize the time of your visitation from God.” ⁴⁵ 

Philippians 3:18

3:18 For many live, about whom I have often told you, and now, with tears, I tell you that they are the enemies of the cross of Christ.

Revelation 11:3

11:3 And I will grant my two witnesses authority ⁴⁶  to prophesy for 1,260 days, dressed in sackcloth.

[10:1]  ¹ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13.

[10:1]  ² tn Grk “on behalf of them”; the referent (Paul’s fellow Israelites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[10:1]  ³ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13.

[10:1]  ⁴ tn Grk “on behalf of them”; the referent (Paul’s fellow Israelites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[15:1]  ⁵ tn Grk “and not please ourselves.” NT Greek negatives used in contrast like this are often not absolute, but relative: “not so much one as the other.”

[119:136]  ⁶ tn Heb “[with] flowing streams my eyes go down.”

[119:136]  ⁷ tn Heb “they”; even though somewhat generic, the referent (people) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[9:1]  ⁸ sn Beginning with 9:1, the verse numbers through 9:26 in the English Bible differ from the verse numbers in the Hebrew text (BHS), with 9:1 ET = 8:23 HT, 9:2 ET = 9:1 HT, 9:3 ET = 9:2 HT, etc., through 9:26 ET = 9:25 HT. Beginning with 10:1 the verse numbers in the ET and HT are again the same.

[9:1]  ⁹ tn Heb “I wish that my head were water.”

[9:1]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “daughter of my people.” For the translation given here see 4:11 and the note on the phrase “dear people” there.

[13:17]  ¹¹ tn Heb “If you will not listen to it.” For the use of the feminine singular pronoun to refer to the idea(s) expressed in the preceding verse(s), see GKC 440-41 §135.p.

[13:17]  ¹² tn Heb “Tearing [my eye] will tear and my eye will run down [= flow] with tears.”

[13:17]  ¹³ tn Heb “because the Lord’s flock will…” The pronoun “you” is supplied in the translation to avoid the shift in English from the second person address at the beginning to the third person affirmation at the end. It also helps explain the metaphor of the people of Israel as God’s flock for some readers who may be unfamiliar with that metaphor.

[13:17]  ¹⁴ tn The verb is once again in the form of “as good as done” (the Hebrew prophetic perfect).

[1:12]  ¹⁵ tc The Heb לוֹא אֲלֵיכֶם (lo’ ’alekhem, “not to you”) is awkward and often considered corrupt but there is no textual evidence yet adduced to certify a more original reading.

[1:12]  ¹⁶ tn The line as it stands is imbalanced, such that the reference to the passersby may belong here or as a vocative with the following verb translated “look.”

[1:12]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “He.” The personal pronoun “he” and the personal name “the Lord,” both appearing in this verse, are transposed in the translation for the sake of readability. In the Hebrew text, “He” appears in the A-line and “the Lord” appears in the B-line – good Hebrew poetic style, but awkward English style.

[1:12]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “which was afflicted on me.” The Polal of עָלַל (’alal) gives the passive voice of the Polel. The Polel of the verb עָלַל (’alal) occurs ten times in the Bible, appearing in agricultural passages for gleaning or some other harvest activity and also in military passages. Jer 6:9 plays on this by comparing an attack to gleaning. The relationship between the meaning in the two types of contexts is unclear, but the very neutral rendering “to treat” in some dictionaries and translations misses the nuance appropriate to the military setting. Indeed it is not at all feasible in a passage like Judges 20:45 where “they treated them on the highway” would make no sense but “they mowed them down on the highway” would fit the context. Accordingly the verb is sometimes rendered “treat” or “deal severely,” as HALOT 834 s.v. poel.3 suggests for Lam 3:51, although simply suggesting “to deal with” in Lam 1:22 and 2:20. A more injurious nuance is given to the translation here and in 1:22; 2:20 and 3:51.

[1:12]  ¹⁹ sn The delay in naming the Lord as cause is dramatic. The natural assumption upon hearing the passive verb in the previous line, “it was dealt severely,” might well be the pillaging army, but instead the Lord is named as the tormentor.

[1:12]  ²⁰ tn Heb “in the day of.” The construction בְּיוֹם (bÿyom, “in the day of”) is a common Hebrew idiom, meaning “when” or “on the occasion of” (e.g., Gen 2:4; Lev 7:35; Num 3:1; Deut 4:15; 2 Sam 22:1; Pss 18:1; 138:3; Zech 8:9).

[1:12]  ²¹ tn Heb “on the day of burning anger.”

[3:48]  ²² tn Heb “canals.” The phrase “canals of water” (eye water = tears) is an example of hyperbole. The English idiom “streams of tears” is also hyperbolic.

[3:48]  ²³ tn Heb “my eyes flow down with canals of water.”

[3:48]  ²⁴ tn Heb “the daughter of my people,” or “the Daughter, my people.”

[3:48]  ²⁵ tn Heb “because of the destruction of [the daughter of my people].”

[3:49]  ²⁶ tn Heb “my eye flows.” The term “eye” is a metonymy of association, standing for the “tears” which flow from one’s eyes.

[3:49]  ²⁷ tn Heb “without stopping.” The noun הַפוּגָה (hafugah, “stop”) is a hapax legomenon (word that occurs only once in Hebrew scriptures). The form of the noun is unusual, probably being derived from the denominative Hiphil verbal stem of the root פּוּג (pug, “to grow weary, ineffective; numb, become cold”).

[3:51]  ²⁸ tn Heb “my eye causes grief to my soul.” The term “eye” is a metonymy of association, standing for that which one sees with the eyes.

[3:51]  ²⁹ tn Heb “my soul.” The term נַפְשִׁי (nafshi, “my soul”) is a synecdoche of part (= my soul) for the whole person (= me).

[3:51]  ³⁰ tn Heb “at the sight of all the daughters of my city.” It is understood that seeing the plight of the women, not simply seeing the women, is what is so grievous. To make this clear, “suffering” was supplied in the translation.

[9:4]  ³¹ tn Heb “through the midst of the city, through the midst of Jerusalem.”

[9:4]  ³² tn The word translated “mark” is in Hebrew the letter ת (tav). Outside this context the only other occurrence of the word is in Job 31:35. In ancient Hebrew script this letter was written like the letter X.

[19:41]  ³³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.

[19:41]  ³⁴ tn Grk “he.”

[19:41]  ³⁵ sn When Jesus approached and saw the city. This is the last travel note in Luke’s account (the so-called Jerusalem journey), as Jesus approached and saw the city before entering it.

[19:42]  ³⁶ sn On this day. They had missed the time of Messiah’s coming; see v. 44.

[19:42]  ³⁷ tn Grk “the things toward peace.” This expression seems to mean “the things that would ‘lead to,’ ‘bring about,’ or ‘make for’ peace.”

[19:42]  ³⁸ sn But now they are hidden from your eyes. This becomes an oracle of doom in the classic OT sense; see Luke 13:31-35; 11:49-51; Jer 9:2; 13:7; 14:7. They are now blind and under judgment (Jer 15:5; Ps 122:6).

[19:43]  ³⁹ sn Jesus now predicted the events that would be fulfilled in the fall of Jerusalem in a.d. 70. The details of the siege have led some to see Luke writing this after Jerusalem’s fall, but the language of the verse is like God’s exilic judgment for covenant unfaithfulness (Hab 2:8; Jer 6:6, 14; 8:13-22; 9:1; Ezek 4:2; 26:8; Isa 29:1-4). Specific details are lacking and the procedures described (build an embankment against you) were standard Roman military tactics.

[19:43]  ⁴⁰ sn An embankment refers to either wooden barricades or earthworks, or a combination of the two.

[19:44]  ⁴¹ tn Grk “They will raze you to the ground.”

[19:44]  ⁴² tn Grk “your children within you.” The phrase “[your] walls” has been supplied in the translation to clarify that the city of Jerusalem, metaphorically pictured as an individual, is spoken of here.

[19:44]  ⁴³ sn (Not) one stone on top of another is an idiom for total destruction.

[19:44]  ⁴⁴ tn Grk “leave stone on stone.”

[19:44]  ⁴⁵ tn Grk “the time of your visitation.” To clarify what this refers to, the words “from God” are supplied at the end of the verse, although they do not occur in the Greek text.

[11:3]  ⁴⁶ tn The word “authority” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. “Power” would be another alternative that could be supplied here.