Jos 12:1-9 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- Joshua 12:1-9 (NET)

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Context

12:1 Now these are the kings of the land whom the Israelites defeated and drove from their land on the east side of the Jordan, from the Arnon Valley to Mount Hermon, including all the eastern Arabah: 12:2 King Sihon of the Amorites who lived in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley)– including the city in the middle of the valley and half of Gilead– all the way to the Jabbok Valley bordering Ammonite territory. 12:3 His kingdom included the eastern Arabah from the Sea of Kinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), including the route to Beth Jeshimoth and the area southward below the slopes of Pisgah. 12:4 The territory of King Og of Bashan, one of the few remaining Rephaites, who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei 12:5 and ruled over Mount Hermon, Salecah, all of Bashan to the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and half of Gilead as far as the border of King Sihon of Heshbon. 12:6 Moses the Lord’s servant and the Israelites defeated them and Moses the Lord’s servant assigned their land to Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh. 12:7 These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the Israelites defeated on the west side of the Jordan, from Baal Gad in the Lebanon Valley to Mount Halak on up to Seir. Joshua assigned this territory to the Israelite tribes, 12:8 including the hill country, the lowlands, the Arabah, the slopes, the wilderness, and the Negev– the land of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites: 12:9 the king of Jericho (one), the king of Ai– located near Bethel– (one),

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Cross Reference (TSK)

ITL

Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Ai a town of Canaanites in Benjamin

· Ammonites the tribe/nation of people descended from Ben-Ammi, Lot's son,Territory of the tribe/nation of Ammon

· Amorites members of a pre-Israel Semitic tribe from Mesopotamia

· Arabah a town of Judea west of Jerusalem on the border of Benjamin

· Arnon a river forming the southern border of Ammon east of the Dead Sea

· Aroer a town by the Wadi Arnon on the border of Reuben and Gad,a town in the desert of Judah

· Ashtaroth pagan god images of the Canaanite goddess Ashtoreth,a town of Manasseh about 35 km east of the sea of Chinnereth

· Baal a pagan god,a title of a pagan god,a town in the Negeb on the border of Simeon and Judah,son of Reaiah son of Micah; a descendant of Reuben,the forth son of Jeiel, the Benjamite

· Bashan a region east of Lake Galilee between Mt. Hermon and Wadi Yarmuk

· Beth-Jeshimoth a town of Moab near the mouth of the Jordan River

· Beth-jeshimoth a town of Moab near the mouth of the Jordan River

· Bethel a town of Benjamin bordering Ephraim 18 km north of Jerusalem

· Canaanite residents of the region of Canaan

· Chinneroth a lake in Galilee on the Jordan River,a region; the plain on the NW shoulder of Lake Chinneroth

· Edrei a town about 50 km east of the Sea of Galilee (ZD),a town of Naphtali north or west of the Sea of Galilee

· Gadites the tribe of Gad as a whole

· Geshurites residents of the town of Geshur

· Gilead a mountainous region east of the Jordan & north of the Arnon to Hermon,son of Machir son of Manasseh; founder of the clan of Gilead,father of Jephthah the judge,son of Michael of the tribe of Gad

· Halak a mountain 70 km south of Hebron & 20 km west of Tamar (SMM)

· Hermon a mountain half way between Damascus and Tyre

· Heshbon a town of south-eastern Judah

· Hittite a person/people living in the land of Syro-Palestine

· Hivite a person/people descended from Canaan son of Ham son of Noah

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Jabbok a river flowing west into the Jordan River 40 km north of the Dead Sea

· Jebusite resident(s) of the town of Jebus (Jerusalem)

· Jericho a town five miles west of the Jordan and 15 miles northeast of Jerusalem,a town of Benjamin 11 km NW of the mouth of the Jordan River

· Jordan the river that flows from Lake Galilee to the Dead Sea,a river that begins at Mt. Hermon, flows south through Lake Galilee and on to its end at the Dead Sea 175 km away (by air)

· Joshua a son of Eliezer; the father of Er; an ancestor of Jesus,the son of Nun and successor of Moses,son of Nun of Ephraim; successor to Moses,a man: owner of the field where the ark stopped,governor of Jerusalem under King Josiah,son of Jehozadak; high priest in the time of Zerubbabel

· Lebanon a mountain range and the adjoining regions (IBD)

· Maacathite member(s) of the clan of Maacah

· more...

Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Jos 12:1 Heb “beyond the Jordan, toward the rising of the sun.”

NET Notes: Jos 12:2 The MT reads here, “and the middle of the valley,” but the reading “the city in the middle of valley” can be reconstructed on ...

NET Notes: Jos 12:3 The Salt Sea is another name for the Dead Sea.

NET Notes: Jos 12:4 Or perhaps “who reigned.”

NET Notes: Jos 12:6 Heb “gave it for a possession.”

NET Notes: Jos 12:7 Heb “Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel as a possession according to their allotted portions.”

NET Notes: Jos 12:8 The words “the land of” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

NET Notes: Jos 12:9 For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

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