12:1 Therefore I exhort you, brothers and sisters, 2 by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a sacrifice – alive, holy, and pleasing to God 3 – which is your reasonable service.
1:1 From Paul 7 and Timothy, slaves 8 of Christ Jesus, to all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, 9 with the overseers 10 and deacons.
2:9 As a result God exalted him
and gave him the name
that is above every name,
1 tn Or “because of your natural limitations” (NRSV).
2 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13.
3 tn The participle and two adjectives “alive, holy, and pleasing to God” are taken as predicates in relation to “sacrifice,” making the exhortation more emphatic. See ExSyn 618-19.
4 tn Grk “according to my eager expectation and hope.” The κατά (kata) phrase is taken as governing the following ὅτι (Joti) clause (“that I will not be ashamed…”); the idea could be expressed more verbally as “I confidently hope that I will not be ashamed…”
5 tn Or possibly, “be intimidated, be put to shame.”
6 tn Grk “whether by life or by death.”
7 tn Grk “Paul.” The word “from” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied to indicate the sender of the letter.
8 tn Traditionally, “servants” or “bondservants.” Though δοῦλος (doulos) is normally translated “servant,” the word does not bear the connotation of a free individual serving another. BDAG notes that “‘servant’ for ‘slave’ is largely confined to Biblical transl. and early American times…in normal usage at the present time the two words are carefully distinguished” (BDAG 260 s.v.). The most accurate translation is “bondservant” (sometimes found in the ASV for δοῦλος), in that it often indicates one who sells himself into slavery to another. But as this is archaic, few today understand its force.
9 map For location see JP1-C1; JP2-C1; JP3-C1; JP4-C1.
10 sn The overseers (or “church leaders,” L&N 53.71) is another term for the same official position of leadership as the “elder.” This is seen in the interchange of the two terms in Titus 1:6-7 and in Acts 20:17, 28, as well as in the parallels between Titus 1:6-7 and 1 Tim 3:1-7.