13:1 Now there were these prophets and teachers in the church at Antioch: 10 Barnabas, Simeon called Niger, 11 Lucius the Cyrenian, 12 Manaen (a close friend of Herod 13 the tetrarch 14 from childhood 15 ) and Saul.
4:13 When they saw the boldness 16 of Peter and John, and discovered 17 that they were uneducated 18 and ordinary 19 men, they were amazed and recognized these men had been with Jesus.
1 tn See the note on the word “asleep” in 15:6. This term is also used in v. 20.
2 tn Grk “Then falling to his knees he cried out.” The participle θείς (qeis) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
3 sn The remarks Lord Jesus, receive my spirit and Lord, do not hold this sin against them recall statements Jesus made on the cross (Luke 23:34, 46).
4 tn Grk “And when.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence and the tendency of contemporary English style to use shorter sentences, καί (kai) has not been translated here; a new sentence is begun instead.
5 tn The verb κοιμάω (koimaw) literally means “sleep,” but it is often used in the Bible as a euphemism for the death of a believer.
6 tn The participle ὑπηρετήσας (Juphrethsa") is taken temporally.
7 tn The verb κοιμάω (koimaw) literally means “sleep,” but it is often used in the Bible as a euphemism for the death of a believer.
8 tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “was gathered to his fathers” (a Semitic idiom).
9 tn Grk “saw,” but the literal translation of the phrase “saw decay” could be misunderstood to mean simply “looked at decay,” while here “saw decay” is really figurative for “experienced decay.” This remark explains why David cannot fulfill the promise.
10 sn Antioch was a city in Syria (not Antioch in Pisidia).
11 sn Simeon may well have been from North Africa, since the Latin loanword Niger refers to someone as “dark-complexioned.”
12 sn The Cyrenian refers to a native of the city of Cyrene, on the coast of northern Africa west of Egypt.
13 sn Herod is generally taken as a reference to Herod Antipas, who governed Galilee from 4
14 tn Or “the governor.”
15 tn Or “(a foster brother of Herod the tetrarch).” The meaning “close friend from childhood” is given by L&N 34.15, but the word can also mean “foster brother” (L&N 10.51). BDAG 976 s.v. σύντροφας states, “pert. to being brought up with someone, either as a foster-brother or as a companion/friend,” which covers both alternatives. Context does not given enough information to be certain which is the case here, although many modern translations prefer the meaning “close friend from childhood.”
16 tn Or “courage.”
17 tn Or “and found out.”
18 sn Uneducated does not mean “illiterate,” that is, unable to read or write. Among Jews in NT times there was almost universal literacy, especially as the result of widespread synagogue schools. The term refers to the fact that Peter and John had no formal rabbinic training and thus, in the view of their accusers, were not qualified to expound the law or teach publicly. The objection is like Acts 2:7.
19 tn For the translation of ἰδιῶται (idiwtai) as “ordinary men” see L&N 27.26.
20 tn Or “the Sanhedrin” (the highest legal, legislative, and judicial body among the Jews).
21 tn Or “greatly annoyed,” “provoked.”
22 tn Or “proclaiming.”
23 tn Grk “Peter, looking directly at him, as did John, said.” The participle ἀτενίσας (atenisas) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.