1 Kings 14:9

14:9 You have sinned more than all who came before you. You went and angered me by making other gods, formed out of metal; you have completely disregarded me. ¹ 

1 Kings 14:16

14:16 He will hand Israel over to their enemies ²  because of the sins which Jeroboam committed and which he made Israel commit.”

1 Kings 14:2

14:2 Jeroboam told his wife, “Disguise ³  yourself so that people cannot recognize you are Jeroboam’s wife. Then go to Shiloh; Ahijah the prophet, who told me I would rule over this nation, lives there. ⁴ 

1 Kings 21:11

21:11 The men of the ⁵  city, the leaders ⁶  and the nobles who lived there, ⁷  followed the written orders Jezebel had sent them. ⁸ 

Habakkuk 2:15

2:15 “You who force your neighbor to drink wine ⁹  are as good as dead ¹⁰  –

you who make others intoxicated by forcing them to drink from the bowl of your furious anger, ¹¹ 

so you can look at their genitals. ¹² 

Revelation 2:20

2:20 But I have this against you: You tolerate that ¹³  woman ¹⁴  Jezebel, ¹⁵  who calls herself a prophetess, and by her teaching deceives ¹⁶  my servants ¹⁷  to commit sexual immorality and to eat food sacrificed to idols. ¹⁸ 

¹ tn Heb “you went and you made for yourself other gods, metal [ones], angering me, and you threw me behind your back.”

² tn Heb “and he will give [up] Israel.”

³ tn Heb “Get up, change yourself.”

⁴ tn Heb “look, Ahijah the prophet is there, he told me [I would be] king over this nation.”

⁵ tn Heb “his.”

⁶ tn Heb “elders.”

⁷ tn Heb “and the nobles who were living in his city.”

⁸ tn Heb “did as Jezebel sent to them, just as was written in the scrolls which she sent to them.”

⁹ tn No direct object is present after “drink” in the Hebrew text. “Wine” is implied, however, and has been supplied in the translation for clarity.

¹⁰ tn On the term הוֹי (hoy) see the note on the word “dead” in v. 6.

¹¹ tc Heb “pouring out your anger and also making drunk”; or “pouring out your anger and [by] rage making drunk.” The present translation assumes that the final khet (ח) on מְסַפֵּחַ (misapeakh, “pouring”) is dittographic and that the form should actually be read מִסַּף (missaf, “from a bowl”).

¹² tn Heb “their nakedness,” a euphemism.

¹³ tn The Greek article has been translated here with demonstrative force.

¹⁴ tc The ms evidence for γυναῖκα (gunaika, “woman”) alone includes {א C P 1611 2053 pc lat}. The ms evidence for the addition of “your” (σου, sou) includes A 1006 2351 Ï^K pc sy. With the pronoun, the text reads “your wife, Jezebel” instead of “that woman, Jezebel.” In Revelation, A C are the most important mss, along with א Ì⁴⁷ (which only reads in portions of chapters 9-17) 1006 1611 2053; in this instance, the external evidence slightly favors the shorter reading. But internally, it gains strength. The longer reading implies the idea that the angel in 2:18 is the bishop or leader of the church in Thyatira. The pronoun “your” (σου) is used four times in vv. 19-20 and may have been the cause for the scribe copying it again. Further, once the monarchical episcopate was in vogue (beginning in the 2nd century) scribes might have been prone to add “your” here.

¹⁵ sn Jezebel was the name of King Ahab’s idolatrous and wicked queen in 1 Kgs 16:31; 18:1-5; 19:1-3; 21:5-24. It is probable that the individual named here was analogous to her prototype in idolatry and immoral behavior, since those are the items singled out for mention.

¹⁶ tn Grk “teaches and deceives” (διδάσκει καὶ πλανᾷ, didaskei kai plana), a construction in which the first verb appears to specify the means by which the second is accomplished: “by her teaching, deceives…”

¹⁷ tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1.

¹⁸ sn To commit sexual immorality and to eat food sacrificed to idols. Note the conclusions of the Jerusalem Council in Acts 15:29, which specifically prohibits Gentile Christians from engaging in these activities.