1 Kings 22:19

22:19 Micaiah ¹  said, “That being the case, hear the word of the Lord. I saw the Lord sitting on his throne, with all the heavenly assembly standing on his right and on his left.

1 Kings 22:1

Ahab Dies in Battle

22:1 There was no war between Syria and Israel for three years. ² 

1 Kings 21:1

Ahab Murders Naboth

21:1 After this the following episode took place. ³  Naboth the Jezreelite owned a vineyard in Jezreel adjacent to the palace of King Ahab of Samaria. ⁴ 

Zechariah 3:1

Vision Four: The Priest

3:1 Next I saw Joshua the high priest ⁵  standing before the angel of the Lord, with Satan ⁶  standing at his right hand to accuse him.

Revelation 12:9-10

12:9 So ⁷  that huge dragon – the ancient serpent, the one called the devil and Satan, who deceives the whole world – was thrown down to the earth, and his angels along with him. 12:10 Then ⁸  I heard a loud voice in heaven saying,

“The salvation and the power

and the kingdom of our God,

and the ruling authority ⁹  of his Christ, ¹⁰  have now come,

because the accuser of our brothers and sisters, ¹¹ 

the one who accuses them day and night ¹²  before our God,

has been thrown down.

¹ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Micaiah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

² tn Heb “and they lived three years without war between Aram and Israel.”

³ tn Heb “after these things.” The words “the following episode took place” are added for stylistic reasons.

⁴ sn King Ahab of Samaria. Samaria, as the capital of the northern kingdom, here stands for the nation of Israel.

⁵ sn Joshua the high priest mentioned here is the son of the priest Jehozadak, mentioned also in Hag 1:1 (cf. Ezra 2:2; 3:2, 8; 4:3; 5:2; 10:18; Neh 7:7; 12:1, 7, 10, 26). He also appears to have been the grandfather of the high priest contemporary with Nehemiah ca. 445 b.c. (Neh 12:10).

⁶ tn The Hebrew term הַשָּׂטָן (hassatan, “the satan”) suggests not so much a personal name (as in almost all English translations) but an epithet, namely, “the adversary.” This evil being is otherwise thus described in Job 1 and 2 and 1 Chr 21:1. In this last passage the article is dropped and “the satan” becomes “Satan,” a personal name.

⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the result of the war in heaven.

⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

⁹ tn Or “the right of his Messiah to rule.” See L&N 37.35.

¹⁰ tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”

¹¹ tn Grk “brothers,” but the Greek word may be used for “brothers and sisters” or “fellow Christians” (cf. BDAG 18 s.v. ἀδελφός 1, where considerable nonbiblical evidence for the plural ἀδελφοί [adelfoi] meaning “brothers and sisters” is cited). The translation “fellow believer” would normally apply (L&N 11.23), but since the speaker(s) are not specified in this context, it is not clear if such a translation would be appropriate here. The more generic “brothers and sisters” was chosen to emphasize the fact of a relationship without specifying its type.

¹² tn Or “who accuses them continually.”