1 Peter 1:17

1:17 And if you address as Father the one who impartially judges according to each one’s work, live out the time of your temporary residence here ¹  in reverence.

1 Peter 2:20

2:20 For what credit is it if you sin and are mistreated and endure it? But if you do good and suffer and so endure, this finds favor with God. ² 

1 Peter 3:9

3:9 Do not return evil for evil or insult for insult, but instead bless ³  others ⁴  because you were called to inherit a blessing.

1 Peter 5:2

5:2 Give a shepherd’s care to ⁵  God’s flock among you, exercising oversight ⁶  not merely as a duty ⁷  but willingly under God’s direction, ⁸  not for shameful profit but eagerly.

1 Peter 5:5

5:5 In the same way, you who are younger, ⁹  be subject to the elders. And all of you, clothe yourselves with humility toward one another, because God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble. ¹⁰ 

1 Peter 5:12

Final Greetings

5:12 Through Silvanus, ¹¹  whom I know to be a faithful brother, ¹²  I have written to you briefly, in order to encourage you and testify ¹³  that this is the true grace of God. Stand fast in it. ¹⁴ 

¹ tn Grk “the time of your sojourn,” picturing the Christian’s life in this world as a temporary stay in a foreign country (cf. 1:1).

² tn Grk “For this [is] favor/grace with God,” used as a metonymy as in vs. 19 of that which pleases him, which he looks on with favor (cf. BDAG 1079 s.v. χάρις 2).

³ tn Grk “not returning…but blessing,” continuing the sense of command from the preceding.

⁴ tn The direct object “others” is omitted but implied in Greek, and must be supplied to suit English style.

⁴ tn Grk “shepherd,” “tend,” “pastor.”

⁵ tc A few important mss (א* B sa) lack ἐπισκοποῦντες (episkopounte", “exercising oversight”), but the participle enjoys otherwise good ms support (Ì⁷² א² A P Ψ 33 1739 Ï lat). A decision is difficult because normally the shorter reading is preferred, especially when found in excellent witnesses. However, in this instance the omission may be due to a hesitation among some scribes to associate oversight with elders, since the later church viewed overseer/bishop as a separate office from elder.

⁶ tn Or “not under compulsion/coercion.”

⁷ tn Grk “according to God.”

⁵ sn In this context younger and elder are terms that combine two meanings: relative age and an official structure of leadership in the church. As in v. 1, elder here denotes those who exercise spiritual leadership, who for the most part are older in years. Likewise younger means the rest of the community, who for the most part are younger in age, who are urged to accept the authority of their leaders.

⁶ sn A quotation from Prov 3:34 (cf. Jas 4:6).

⁶ sn The phrase Through Silvanus means either that Silvanus was the secretary (amanuensis) who assisted Peter in writing or composing the letter (cf. Rom 16:22) or that he carried the letter to the churches. The latter sense is more likely since this is the meaning of the Greek wording when it is used elsewhere (cf. Acts 15:23; Ignatius, Letter to the Romans 10:1; Letter to the Philadelphians 11:2; Letter to the Smyrnaeans 12:1; Polycarp, Letter to the Philippians 14), though it is perhaps possible that both ideas could be incorporated by this expression. For a detailed argument regarding this issue, see E. R. Richards, “Silvanus Was Not Peter’s Secretary: Theological Bias in Interpreting διὰ Σιλουανοῦ…ἔγραψα,” JETS 43 (September 2000): 417-32.

⁷ tn Grk “the faithful brother, as I think.”

⁸ tn These are participles (“encouraging and testifying”) showing purpose. The pronoun object “you” is omitted in Greek but implied by the context.

⁹ tn Grk “in which stand fast.” For emphasis, and due to constraints of contemporary English, this was made a separate sentence in the translation.