22:20 But one of the sons of Ahimelech son of Ahitub escaped and fled to David. His name was Abiathar. 22:21 Abiathar told David that Saul had killed the priests of the Lord. 22:22 Then David said to Abiathar, “I knew that day when Doeg the Edomite was there that he would certainly tell Saul! I am guilty 1 of all the deaths in your father’s house!
23:6 Now when Abiathar son of Ahimelech had fled to David at Keilah, he had brought with him an ephod. 2
23:9 When David realized that Saul was planning to harm him, 3 he told Abiathar the priest, “Bring the ephod!”
15:24 Then Saul said to Samuel, “I have sinned, for I have disobeyed what the Lord commanded 4 and what you said as well. 5 For I was afraid of the army, and I followed their wishes. 6
20:1 David fled from Naioth in Ramah. He came to Jonathan and asked, 13 “What have I done? What is my offense? 14 How have I sinned before your father? For he is seeking my life!”
1:1 There was a man from Ramathaim Zophim, 18 from the hill country of Ephraim, whose name was Elkanah. He was the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephraimite.
2:22 Now Eli was very old when he heard about everything that his sons used to do to all the people of Israel 19 and how they used to have sex with 20 the women who were stationed at the entrance to the tent of meeting.
2:26 Now the boy Samuel was growing up and finding favor both with the Lord and with people.
2:27 A man of God came to Eli and said to him, “This is what the Lord says: ‘Did I not plainly 21 reveal myself to your ancestor’s 22 house when they were in Egypt in the house of Pharaoh?
4:4 So the army 23 sent to Shiloh, and they took from there the ark of the covenant of the Lord of hosts who sits between the cherubim. Now the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phineas, were there with the ark of the covenant of God.
1 tc The translation follows the LXX, which reads “I am guilty,” rather than the MT, which has “I have turned.”
2 tn Heb “an ephod went down in his hand.”
3 tn Heb “Saul was planning the evil against him.”
4 tn Heb “the mouth of the
5 tn Heb “and your words.”
6 tn Heb “and I listened to their voice.”
7 tn Heb “splendor,” used here by metonymy as a title for the
8 tn Or perhaps “does not lie.”
9 sn This observation marks the preceding statement (v. 28) as an unconditional, unalterable decree. When God makes such a decree he will not alter it or change his mind. This does not mean that God never deviates from his stated intentions or changes his mind. On the contrary, several passages describe him as changing his mind. In fact, his willingness to do so is one of his fundamental divine attributes (see Joel 2:13; Jonah 4:2). For a fuller discussion see R. B. Chisholm, Jr., “Does God Change His Mind?” BSac 152 (1995): 387-99.
10 tn That is, Samuel.
11 tc Heb “and Jonathan arose.” Instead of MT’s וַיָּקָם (vayyaqam, “and he arose”; from the hollow verbal root קוּם, qum), the translation assumes a reading וַיִּקַדֵּם (vayyiqaddem, “and he was in front of”; from the verbal root קדם, qdm). See P. K. McCarter, I Samuel (AB), 338.
12 tn Heb “and Abner sat at the side of Saul.”
13 tn Heb “and he came and said before Jonathan.”
14 tn Heb “What is my guilt?”
15 tn The MT has a masculine form of the verb here יַעֲשֶׂה (ya’aseh, “he used to do”); the subject in that case would presumably be Elkanah. But this leads to an abrupt change of subject in the following part of the verse, where the subject is the rival wife who caused Hannah anxiety. In light of v. 6 one expects the statement of v. 7 to refer to the ongoing actions of the rival wife: “she used to behave in this way year after year.” Some scholars have proposed retaining the masculine form but changing the vocalization of the verb so as to read a Niphal rather than a Qal (i.e., יֵעֲשֶׂה, ye’aseh, “so it used to be done”). But the problem here is lack of precedent for such a use of the Niphal of this verb. It seems best in light of the context to understand the reference to be to Hannah’s rival Peninnah and to read here, with the Syriac Peshitta, a feminine form of the verb (“she used to do”). In the translation the referent (Peninnah) has been specified for clarity.
16 tn Heb “she”; the referent (Hannah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
17 tn Heb “she”; the referent (Peninnah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
18 tc The translation follows the MT. The LXX reads “a man from Ramathaim, a Zuphite”; this is followed by a number of recent English translations. It is possible the MT reading צוֹפִים (tsofim) arose from dittography of the mem (מ) at the beginning of the following word.
19 tn Heb “to all Israel.”
20 tn Heb “lie with.”
21 tn The infinitive absolute appears before the finite verb for emphasis.
22 tn Heb “to your father’s” (also in vv. 28, 30).
23 tn Or “people.”