1 Samuel 22:3-4

22:3 Then David went from there to Mizpah in Moab, where he said to the king of Moab, “Please let my father and mother stay ¹  with you until I know what God is going to do for me.” 22:4 So he had them stay with the king of Moab; they stayed with him the whole time ²  that David was in the stronghold.

Proverbs 31:28

31:28 Her children rise up ³  and call her blessed,

her husband ⁴  also praises her:

Luke 2:51

2:51 Then ⁵  he went down with them and came to Nazareth, ⁶  and was obedient ⁷  to them. But ⁸  his mother kept all these things ⁹  in her heart. ¹⁰ 

John 19:26-27

19:26 So when Jesus saw his mother and the disciple whom he loved standing there, he said to his mother, “Woman, ¹¹  look, here is your son!” 19:27 He then said to his disciple, “Look, here is your mother!” From that very time ¹²  the disciple took her into his own home.

¹ tn Heb “go forth.”

² tn Heb “all the days.”

³ tn The first word of the nineteenth line begins with ק (qof), the nineteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet.

⁴ tn The text uses an independent nominative absolute to draw attention to her husband: “her husband, and he praises her.” Prominent as he is, her husband speaks in glowing terms of his noble wife.

⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

⁶ map For location see Map1-D3; Map2-C2; Map3-D5; Map4-C1; Map5-G3.

⁷ tn Or “was submitting.”

⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast.

⁹ tn Or “all these words.”

¹⁰ sn On the phrase his mother kept all these things in her heart compare Luke 2:19.

¹¹ sn The term Woman is Jesus’ normal, polite way of addressing women (Matt 15:28, Luke 13:12; John 4:21; 8:10; 19:26; 20:15; see BDAG 208-9 s.v. γυνή 1). But it is unusual for a son to address his mother with this term. The custom in both Hebrew (or Aramaic) and Greek would be for a son to use a qualifying adjective or title. Is there significance in Jesus’ use here? Jesus probably used the term here to help establish Mary and the beloved disciple in a new “mother-son” relationship. Someone would soon need to provide for Mary since Jesus, her oldest son, would no longer be alive. By using this term Jesus distanced himself from Mary so the beloved disciple could take his place as her earthly son (cf. John 2:4). See D. A. Carson, John, 617-18, for discussion about symbolic interpretations of this relationship between Mary and the beloved disciple.

¹² tn Grk “from that very hour.”