31:1 When all this was over, the Israelites 4 who were in the cities of Judah went out and smashed the sacred pillars, cut down the Asherah poles, and demolished 5 all the high places and altars throughout Judah, Benjamin, Ephraim, and Manasseh. 6 Then all the Israelites returned to their own homes in their cities. 7
1 tn Heb “the altars of the foreigner.”
2 sn Asherah poles. A leading deity of the Canaanite pantheon was Asherah, wife/sister of El and goddess of fertility. She was commonly worshiped at shrines in or near groves of evergreen trees, or, failing that, at places marked by wooden poles (Hebrew אֲשֵׁרִים [’asherim], as here). They were to be burned or cut down (Deut 7:5; 12:3; 16:21; Judg 6:25, 28, 30; 2 Kgs 18:4).
3 tn Heb “and they tore down before him the altars of the Baals.”
5 tn Heb “all Israel.”
6 tn Or “tore down.”
7 tn Heb “the high places and the altars from all Judah and Benjamin and in Ephraim and in Manasseh until finished.”
8 tn Heb “and the sons of Israel returned, each to his possession to their cities.”