2 Kings 13:25

13:25 Jehoahaz’s son Jehoash took back from ¹  Ben Hadad son of Hazael the cities that he had taken from his father Jehoahaz in war. Joash defeated him three times and recovered the Israelite cities.

2 Kings 14:12-14

14:12 Judah was defeated by Israel, and each man ran back home. ²  14:13 King Jehoash of Israel captured King Amaziah of Judah, son of Jehoash son of Ahaziah, in Beth Shemesh. He ³  attacked ⁴  Jerusalem and broke down the wall of Jerusalem from the Gate of Ephraim to the Corner Gate – a distance of about six hundred feet. ⁵  14:14 He took away all the gold and silver, all the items found in the Lord’s temple and in the treasuries of the royal palace, and some hostages. ⁶  Then he went back to Samaria. ⁷ 

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2 Kings 14:25

14:25 He restored the border of Israel from Lebo Hamath in the north to the sea of the Arabah in the south, ⁸  in accordance with the word of the Lord God of Israel announced through ⁹  his servant Jonah son of Amittai, the prophet from Gath Hepher.

2 Kings 14:2

14:2 He was twenty-five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned for twenty-nine years in Jerusalem. ¹⁰  His mother ¹¹  was Jehoaddan, who was from Jerusalem.

2 Kings 1:6-8

1:6 They replied, ¹²  “A man came up to meet us. He told us, “Go back to the king who sent you and tell him, ‘This is what the Lord says: “You must think there is no God in Israel! That explains why you are sending for an oracle from Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron. ¹³  Therefore you will not leave the bed you lie on, for you will certainly die.”’” 1:7 The king ¹⁴  asked them, “Describe the appearance ¹⁵  of this man who came up to meet you and told you these things.” 1:8 They replied, ¹⁶  “He was a hairy man ¹⁷  and had a leather belt ¹⁸  tied around his waist.” The king ¹⁹  said, “He is Elijah the Tishbite.”

Isaiah 7:1

Ahaz Receives a Sign

7:1 During ²⁰  the reign of Ahaz son of Jotham, son of Uzziah, king of Judah, King Rezin of Syria and King Pekah son of Remaliah of Israel marched up to Jerusalem ²¹  to do battle, but they were unable to prevail against it. ²² 

Isaiah 7:4

7:4 Tell him, ‘Make sure you stay calm! ²³  Don’t be afraid! Don’t be intimidated ²⁴  by these two stubs of smoking logs, ²⁵  or by the raging anger of Rezin, Syria, and the son of Remaliah.

Isaiah 17:3-4

17:3 Fortified cities will disappear from Ephraim,

and Damascus will lose its kingdom. ²⁶ 

The survivors in Syria

will end up like the splendor of the Israelites,”

says the Lord who commands armies.

17:4 “At that time ²⁷ 

Jacob’s splendor will be greatly diminished, ²⁸ 

and he will become skin and bones. ²⁹ 

Isaiah 28:14-15

The Lord Will Judge Jerusalem

28:14 Therefore, listen to the Lord’s word,

you who mock,

you rulers of these people

who reside in Jerusalem! ³⁰ 

28:15 For you say,

“We have made a treaty with death,

with Sheol ³¹  we have made an agreement. ³² 

When the overwhelming judgment sweeps by ³³ 

it will not reach us.

For we have made a lie our refuge,

we have hidden ourselves in a deceitful word.” ³⁴ 

Daniel 4:30

4:30 The king uttered these words: “Is this not the great Babylon that I have built for a royal residence ³⁵  by my own mighty strength ³⁶  and for my majestic honor?”

¹ tn Heb “from the hand of.”

² tn Heb “and Judah was struck down before Israel and they fled, each to his tent.”

³ tc The MT has the plural form of the verb, but the final vav (ו) is virtually dittographic. The word that immediately follows in the Hebrew text begins with a yod (י). The form should be emended to the singular, which is consistent in number with the verb (“he broke down”) that follows.

⁴ tn Heb “came to.”

⁵ tn Heb “four hundred cubits.” The standard cubit in the OT is assumed by most authorities to be about eighteen inches (45 cm) long.

⁴ tn Heb “the sons of the pledges.”

⁵ map For location see Map2-B1; Map4-D3; Map5-E2; Map6-A4; Map7-C1.

⁵ tn The phrases “in the north” and “in the south” are added in the translation for clarification.

⁶ tn Heb “which he spoke by the hand of.”

⁶ map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

⁷ tn Heb “the name of his mother.”

⁷ tn Heb “said to him.”

⁸ tn Heb “Is it because there is no God in Israel [that] you are sending to inquire of Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron?” The translation seeks to bring out the sarcastic tone of the rhetorical question. In v. 3 the messengers are addressed (in the phrase “you are on your way” the second person plural pronoun is used in Hebrew), but here the king is addressed (in the phrase “you are sending” the second person singular pronoun is used).

⁸ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁹ tn Heb “What was the manner…?”

⁹ tn Heb “said to him.”

¹⁰ tn Heb “an owner of hair.” This idiomatic expression indicates that Elijah was very hairy. For other examples where the idiom “owner of” is used to describe a characteristic of someone, see HALOT 143 s.v. בַּעַל. For example, an “owner of dreams” is one who frequently has dreams (Gen 37:19) and an “owner of anger” is a hot-tempered individual (Prov 22:24).

¹¹ tn Heb “belt of skin” (i.e., one made from animal hide).

¹² tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹⁰ tn The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.

¹¹ map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

¹² tn Or perhaps, “but they were unable to attack it.” This statement sounds like a summary of the whole campaign. The following context explains why they were unable to defeat the southern kingdom. The parallel passage (2 Kgs 16:5; cf. Num 22:11; 1 Sam 17:9 for a similar construction) affirms that Syria and Israel besieged Ahaz. Consequently, the statement that “they were not able to battle against them” must refer to the inability to conquer Ahaz.

¹¹ tn Heb “guard yourself and be quiet,” but the two verbs should be coordinated.

¹² tn Heb “and let not your heart be weak”; ASV “neither let thy heart be faint.”

¹³ sn The derogatory metaphor indicates that the power of Rezin and Pekah is ready to die out.

¹² tn Heb “and kingship from Damascus”; cf. NASB “And sovereignty from Damascus.”

¹³ tn Heb “in that day” (so KJV). The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.

¹⁴ tn Heb “will be tiny.”

¹⁵ tn Heb “and the fatness of his flesh will be made lean.”

¹⁴ map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

¹⁵ sn Sheol is the underworld, land of the dead, according to the OT world view.

¹⁶ tn Elsewhere the noun חֹזֶה (khozeh) refers to a prophet who sees visions. In v. 18 the related term חָזוּת (khazut, “vision”) is used. The parallelism in both verses (note “treaty”) seems to demand a meaning “agreement” for both nouns. Perhaps חֹזֶה and חזוּת are used in a metonymic sense in vv. 15 and 18. Another option is to propose a homonymic root. See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:514, and HALOT 301 s.v. II חֹזֶה.

¹⁷ tn Heb “the overwhelming scourge, when it passes by” (NRSV similar).

¹⁸ sn “Lie” and “deceitful word” would not be the terms used by the people. They would likely use the words “promise” and “reliable word,” but the prophet substitutes “lie” and “deceitful word” to emphasize that this treaty with death will really prove to be disappointing.

¹⁶ tn Aram “house.”

¹⁷ tn Aram “by the might of my strength.”