15:17 In the thirty-ninth year of King Azariah’s reign over Judah, Menahem son of Gadi became king over Israel. He reigned for twelve years in Samaria. 11
14:7 He defeated 12 10,000 Edomites in the Salt Valley; he captured Sela in battle and renamed it Joktheel, a name it has retained to this very day.
16:17 King Ahaz took off the frames of the movable stands, and removed the basins from them. He took “The Sea” 18 down from the bronze bulls that supported it 19 and put it on the pavement.
1 tn Heb “the shadow.” The noun has been replaced by the pronoun (“it”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.
2 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Naaman) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
3 tn The Hebrew term כִּכָּר (kikkar, “circle”) refers generally to something that is round. When used of metals it can refer to a disk-shaped weight made of the metal or to a standard unit of weight, generally regarded as a talent. Since the accepted weight for a talent of metal is about 75 pounds, this would have amounted to about 750 pounds of silver (cf. NCV, NLT, CEV).
4 tn Heb “six thousand gold […].” The unit of measure is not given in the Hebrew text. A number of English versions supply “pieces” (e.g., KJV, ASV, NAB, TEV) or “shekels” (e.g., NASB, NIV, NRSV).
3 tn The Hebrew הָלַךְ (halakh, a perfect), “it has moved ahead,” should be emended to הֲיֵלֵךְ (hayelekh, an imperfect with interrogative he [ה] prefixed), “shall it move ahead.”
4 tn Heb “Indeed he did not leave to Jehoahaz people.” The identity of the subject is uncertain, but the king of Syria, mentioned later in the verse, is a likely candidate.
5 tn Heb “them,” i.e., the remainder of this troops.
6 tn Heb “and made them like dust for trampling.”
5 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the
6 tn Heb “on the steps which [the sun] had gone down, on the steps of Ahaz, back ten steps.”
6 map For location see Map2-B1; Map4-D3; Map5-E2; Map6-A4; Map7-C1.
7 tn Or “struck down.”
8 sn It is not altogether clear whether this is in the same year that Jerusalem fell or not. The wall was breached in the fourth month (= early July; Jer 39:2) and Nebuzaradan came and burned the palace, the temple, and many of the houses and tore down the wall in the fifth month (= early August; Jer 52:12). That would have left time between the fifth month and the seventh month (October) to gather in the harvest of grapes, dates and figs, and olives (Jer 40:12). However, many commentators feel that too much activity takes place in too short a time for this to have been in the same year and posit that it happened the following year or even five years later when a further deportation took place, possibly in retaliation for the murder of Gedaliah and the Babylonian garrison at Mizpah (Jer 52:30). The assassination of Gedaliah had momentous consequences and was commemorated in one of the post exilic fast days lamenting the fall of Jerusalem (Zech 8:19).
9 tn Heb “[was] from the seed of the kingdom.”
10 tn Heb “and they struck down Gedaliah and he died.”
9 sn A seah was a dry measure equivalent to about 7 quarts.
10 tn Heb “according to the word of the
10 sn See the note at 1 Kgs 7:23.
11 tn Heb “that [were] under it.”
11 sn A seah was a dry measure equivalent to about 7 quarts.