2 Kings 3:24

3:24 When they approached the Israelite camp, the Israelites rose up and struck down the Moabites, who then ran from them. The Israelites ¹  thoroughly defeated ²  Moab.

2 Kings 12:20

12:20 His servants conspired against him ³  and murdered Joash at Beth-Millo, on the road that goes down to Silla. ⁴ 

2 Kings 3:23

3:23 The Moabites ⁵  said, “It’s blood! The kings are totally destroyed! ⁶  They have struck one another down! Now, Moab, seize the plunder!”

2 Kings 8:28

8:28 He joined Ahab’s son Joram in a battle against King Hazael of Syria at Ramoth Gilead in which the Syrians defeated Joram.

2 Kings 11:12

11:12 Jehoiada ⁷  led out the king’s son and placed on him the crown and the royal insignia. ⁸  They proclaimed him king and poured olive oil on his head. ⁹  They clapped their hands and cried out, “Long live the king!”

2 Kings 25:25

25:25 But in the seventh month ¹⁰  Ishmael son of Nethaniah, son of Elishama, who was a member of the royal family, ¹¹  came with ten of his men and murdered Gedaliah, ¹²  as well as the Judeans and Babylonians who were with him at Mizpah.

¹ tn Heb “they.”

² tc The consonantal text (Kethib) suggests, “and they went, striking down,” but the marginal reading (Qere) is “they struck down, striking down.” For a discussion of the textual problem, see M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 46.

³ tn Heb “rose up and conspired [with] a conspiracy.”

⁴ tn Heb “Beth Millo which goes down [toward] Silla.”

⁵ tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Moabites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁶ tn The translation assumes the verb is חָרַב (kharav, “to be desolate”). The infinitive absolute precedes the finite verb form for emphasis. (For another example of the Hophal infinitive with a Niphal finite verb, see Lev 19:20. Cf. also IBHS 582 §35.2.1c.) Some prefer to derive the verb from a proposed homonym meaning “at HALOT 349 s.v. II חרב and BDB 352 s.v. חָרְבָה).

⁷ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jehoiada) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁸ tn The Hebrew term עֵדוּת (’edut) normally means “witness” or “testimony.” Here it probably refers to some tangible symbol of kingship, perhaps a piece of jewelry such as an amulet or neck chain. See the discussion in M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 128. Some suggest that a document is in view, perhaps a copy of the royal protocol or of the stipulations of the Davidic covenant. See HALOT 790-91 s.v. עֵדוּת.

⁹ tn Or “they made him king and anointed him.”

⁹ sn It is not altogether clear whether this is in the same year that Jerusalem fell or not. The wall was breached in the fourth month (= early July; Jer 39:2) and Nebuzaradan came and burned the palace, the temple, and many of the houses and tore down the wall in the fifth month (= early August; Jer 52:12). That would have left time between the fifth month and the seventh month (October) to gather in the harvest of grapes, dates and figs, and olives (Jer 40:12). However, many commentators feel that too much activity takes place in too short a time for this to have been in the same year and posit that it happened the following year or even five years later when a further deportation took place, possibly in retaliation for the murder of Gedaliah and the Babylonian garrison at Mizpah (Jer 52:30). The assassination of Gedaliah had momentous consequences and was commemorated in one of the post exilic fast days lamenting the fall of Jerusalem (Zech 8:19).

¹⁰ tn Heb “[was] from the seed of the kingdom.”

¹¹ tn Heb “and they struck down Gedaliah and he died.”