10:6 When the Ammonites realized that David was disgusted with them, 1 they 2 sent and hired 20,000 foot soldiers from Aram Beth Rehob and Aram Zobah, 3 in addition to 1,000 men from the king of Maacah and 12,000 men from Ish-tob. 4
10:1 Later the king of the Ammonites died and his son Hanun succeeded him. 5
14:1 Now Joab son of Zeruiah realized that the king longed to see 6 Absalom.
14:1 Now Joab son of Zeruiah realized that the king longed to see 7 Absalom.
For the music director; according to the shushan-eduth style; 12 a prayer 13 of David written to instruct others. 14 It was written when he fought against Aram Naharaim and Aram-Zobah. That was when Joab turned back and struck down 15 12,000 Edomites 16 in the Valley of Salt. 17
60:1 O God, you have rejected us. 18
You suddenly turned on us in your anger. 19
Please restore us! 20
1 tn Heb “that they were a stench [i.e., disgusting] with David.”
2 tn Heb “the Ammonites.”
3 tn Or “Arameans of Beth Rehob and Arameans of Zobah.”
4 tn Or perhaps “the men of Tob.” The ancient versions (the LXX, the Syriac Peshitta, and Vulgate) understand the name to be “Ish-tob.” It is possible that “Ish” is dittographic and that we should read simply “Tob,” a reading adopted by a number of recent English versions.
5 tn Heb “reigned in his place.”
6 tn Heb “the heart of the king was upon.” The Syriac Peshitta adds the verb ’ethre’i (“was reconciled”).
7 tn Heb “the heart of the king was upon.” The Syriac Peshitta adds the verb ’ethre’i (“was reconciled”).
8 tn Heb “and came out to us.”
9 tn Heb “but we were on them.”
10 tc The translation follows the Qere (“your servants”) rather than the Kethib (“your servant”).
11 sn Psalm 60. The psalmist grieves over Israel’s humiliation, but in response to God’s assuring word, he asks for divine help in battle and expresses his confidence in victory.
12 tn The Hebrew expression means “lily of the testimony.” It may refer to a particular music style or to a tune title.
13 tn The precise meaning of the Hebrew word מִכְתָּם (miktam), which also appears in the heading to Pss 16, 56-59, is uncertain. HALOT 582-83 s.v. defines it as “inscription.”
14 tn Heb “to teach.”
15 tn In Josh 8:21 and Judg 20:48 the two verbs “turn back” and “strike down” are also juxtaposed. There they refer to a military counter-attack.
16 tn Heb “12,000 of Edom.” Perhaps one should read אֲרַם (’aram, “Aram”) here rather than אֱדוֹם (’edom, “Edom”).
17 sn The heading apparently refers to the military campaign recorded in 2 Sam 10 and 1 Chr 19.
18 sn You have rejected us. See Pss 43:2; 44:9, 23.
19 tn Heb “you broke out upon us, you were angry.”
20 tn The imperfect verbal form here expresses the psalmist’s wish or prayer.