12:13 Then David exclaimed to Nathan, “I have sinned against the Lord!” Nathan replied to David, “Yes, and the Lord has forgiven 1 your sin. You are not going to die.
12:1 So the Lord sent Nathan 2 to David. When he came to David, 3 Nathan 4 said, 5 “There were two men in a certain city, one rich and the other poor.
21:2 So the king summoned the Gibeonites and spoke with them. (Now the Gibeonites were not descendants of Israel; they were a remnant of the Amorites. The Israelites had made a promise to 7 them, but Saul tried to kill them because of his zeal for the people of Israel and Judah.)
1:26 I grieve over you, my brother Jonathan!
You were very dear to me.
Your love was more special to me than the love of women.
33:27 That person sings 8 to others, 9 saying:
‘I have sinned and falsified what is right,
but I was not punished according to what I deserved. 10
33:28 He redeemed my life 11
from going down to the place of corruption,
and my life sees the light!’
32:5 Then I confessed my sin;
I no longer covered up my wrongdoing.
I said, “I will confess 12 my rebellious acts to the Lord.”
And then you forgave my sins. 13 (Selah)
28:13 The one who covers 14 his transgressions will not prosper, 15
but whoever confesses them and forsakes them will find mercy. 16
7:8 My enemies, 17 do not gloat 18 over me!
Though I have fallen, I will get up.
Though I sit in darkness, the Lord will be my light. 19
7:9 I must endure 20 the Lord’s anger,
for I have sinned against him.
But then 21 he will defend my cause, 22
and accomplish justice on my behalf.
He will lead me out into the light;
I will experience firsthand 23 his deliverance. 24
7:1 I am depressed! 25
Indeed, 26 it is as if the summer fruit has been gathered,
and the grapes have been harvested. 27
There is no grape cluster to eat,
no fresh figs that I crave so much. 28
1:9 For Samaria’s 29 disease 30 is incurable.
It has infected 31 Judah;
it has spread to 32 the leadership 33 of my people
and has even contaminated Jerusalem! 34
1 tn Heb “removed.”
2 tc A few medieval Hebrew
3 tn Heb “him”; the referent (David) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
4 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Nathan) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
5 tn The Hebrew text repeats “to him.”
6 tc The MT reads “Michal” here, but two Hebrew manuscripts read “Merab,” along with some LXX manuscripts. Cf. 1 Sam 18:19.
7 tn Heb “swore an oath to.”
8 tc The verb יָשֹׁר (yashor) is unusual. The typical view is to change it to יָשִׁיר (yashir, “he sings”), but that may seem out of harmony with a confession. Dhorme suggests a root שׁוּר (shur, “to repeat”), but this is a doubtful root. J. Reider reads it יָשֵׁיר (yasher) and links it to an Arabic word “confesses” (ZAW 24 [1953]: 275).
9 tn Heb “to men.”
10 tn The verb שָׁוָה (shavah) has the impersonal meaning here, “it has not been requited to me.” The meaning is that the sinner has not been treated in accordance with his deeds: “I was not punished according to what I deserved.”
11 sn See note on “him” in v. 24.
12 tn The Hiphil of ידה normally means “give thanks, praise,” but here, as in Prov 28:13, it means “confess.”
13 tn Heb “the wrongdoing of my sin.” By joining synonyms for “sin” in this way, the psalmist may be emphasizing the degree of his wrongdoing.
14 tn The Hebrew participles provide the subject matter in this contrast. On the one hand is the person who covers over (מְכַסֶּה, mÿkhasseh) his sins. This means refusing to acknowledge them in confession, and perhaps rationalizing them away. On the other hand there is the one who both “confesses” (מוֹדֶה, modeh) and “forsakes” (עֹזֵב, ’ozev) the sin. To “confess” sins means to acknowledge them, to say the same thing about them that God does.
15 sn The verse contrasts the consequences of each. The person who refuses to confess will not prosper. This is an understatement (a figure of speech known as tapeinosis); the opposite is the truth, that eventually such a person will be undone and ruined. On the other hand, the penitent will find mercy. This expression is a metonymy of cause for the effect – although “mercy” is mentioned, what mercy provides is intended, i.e., forgiveness. In other passages the verb “conceal” is used of God’s forgiveness – he covers over the iniquity (Ps 32:1). Whoever acknowledges sin, God will cover it; whoever covers it, God will lay it open.
16 sn This verse is unique in the book of Proverbs; it captures the theology of forgiveness (e.g., Pss 32 and 51). Every part of the passage is essential to the point: Confession of sins as opposed to concealing them, coupled with a turning away from them, results in mercy.
17 tn The singular form is understood as collective.
18 tn Or “rejoice” (KJV, NAB, NASB, NRSV); NCV “don’t laugh at me.”
19 sn Darkness represents judgment; light (also in v. 9) symbolizes deliverance. The
20 tn Heb “lift, bear.”
21 tn Heb “until.”
22 tn Or “plead my case” (NASB and NIV both similar); NRSV “until he takes my side.”
23 tn Heb “see.”
24 tn Or “justice, vindication.”
25 tn Heb “woe to me!” In light of the image that follows, perhaps one could translate, “I am disappointed.”
26 tn Or “for.”
27 tn Heb “I am like the gathering of the summer fruit, like the gleanings of the harvest.” Micah is not comparing himself to the harvested fruit. There is an ellipsis here, as the second half of the verse makes clear. The idea is, “I am like [one at the time] the summer fruit is gathered and the grapes are harvested.”
28 tn Heb “my appetite craves.”
29 tn Heb “her”; the referent (Samaria) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
30 tc The MT reads the plural “wounds”; the singular is read by the LXX, Syriac, and Vg.
31 tn Heb “come to.”
32 tn Or “reached.”
33 tn Heb “the gate.” Kings and civic leaders typically conducted important business at the city gate (see 1 Kgs 22:10 for an example), and the term is understood here to refer by metonymy to the leadership who would be present at the gate.
34 tn Heb “to Jerusalem.” The expression “it has contaminated” do not appear in the Hebrew text, but have been supplied to fill out the parallelism with the preceding line.