22:8 They say, 2
“Commit yourself 3 to the Lord!
Let the Lord 4 rescue him!
Let the Lord 5 deliver him, for he delights in him.” 6
147:11 The Lord takes delight in his faithful followers, 7
and in those who wait for his loyal love.
149:4 For the Lord takes delight in his people;
he exalts the oppressed by delivering them. 8
42:1 9 “Here is my servant whom I support,
my chosen one in whom I take pleasure.
I have placed my spirit on him;
he will make just decrees 10 for the nations. 11
‘The Lord said to my lord,
“Sit 30 at my right hand
2:35 until I make your enemies a footstool 31 for your feet.”’ 32
2:36 Therefore let all the house of Israel know beyond a doubt 33 that God has made this Jesus whom you crucified 34 both Lord 35 and Christ.” 36
1 tn Heb “as [is] good in his eyes.”
2 tn The words “they say” are supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons. The psalmist here quotes the sarcastic taunts of his enemies.
3 tn Heb “roll [yourself].” The Hebrew verb גלל here has the sense of “commit” (see Prov 16:3). The imperatival form in the Hebrew text indicates the enemies here address the psalmist. Since they refer to him in the third person in the rest of the verse, some prefer to emend the verb to a perfect, “he commits himself to the
4 tn Heb “Let him”; the referent (the
5 tn Heb “Let him”; the referent (the
6 tn That is, “for he [the
7 tn Heb “those who fear him.”
8 tn Heb “he honors the oppressed [with] deliverance.”
9 sn Verses 1-7 contain the first of Isaiah’s “servant songs,” which describe the ministry of a special, ideal servant who accomplishes God’s purposes for Israel and the nations. This song depicts the servant as a just king who brings justice to the earth and relief for the oppressed. The other songs appear in 49:1-13; 50:4-11; and 52:13-53:12.
10 tn Heb “he will bring out justice” (cf. ASV, NASB, NRSV).
11 sn Like the ideal king portrayed in Isa 11:1-9, the servant is energized by the divine spirit and establishes justice on the earth.
12 tn Grk “and behold.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated here.
13 tn Grk “behold, a voice from the cloud, saying.” This is an incomplete sentence in Greek which portrays intensity and emotion. The participle λέγουσα (legousa) was translated as a finite verb in keeping with English style.
14 tn Grk “my beloved Son,” or “my Son, the beloved [one].” The force of ἀγαπητός (agaphtos) is often “pertaining to one who is the only one of his or her class, but at the same time is particularly loved and cherished” (L&N 58.53; cf. also BDAG 7 s.v. 1).
15 tn Grk “in whom.”
16 tn Or “with whom I am well pleased.”
17 tn Grk “behold, a.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated here or in the following clause because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).
18 sn This cloud is the cloud of God’s presence and the voice is his as well.
19 tn Or “surrounded.”
20 tn Grk “behold, a voice from the cloud, saying.” This is an incomplete sentence in Greek which portrays intensity and emotion. The participle λέγουσα (legousa) was translated as a finite verb in keeping with English style.
21 tn Grk “my beloved Son,” or “my Son, the beloved [one].” The force of ἀγαπητός (agaphtos) is often “pertaining to one who is the only one of his or her class, but at the same time is particularly loved and cherished” (L&N 58.53; cf. also BDAG 7 s.v. 1).
22 sn The expression listen to him comes from Deut 18:15 and makes two points: 1) Jesus is a prophet like Moses, a leader-prophet, and 2) they have much yet to learn from him.
23 sn An allusion to Ps 22:8.
24 tn Or “of him”; Grk “of which [or whom] we are all witnesses” (Acts 1:8).
25 tn The aorist participle ὑψωθείς (Juywqei") could be taken temporally: “So then, after he was exalted…” In the translation the more neutral “exalted” (a shorter form of “having been exalted”) was used to preserve the ambiguity of the original Greek.
26 sn The expression the right hand of God represents supreme power and authority. Its use here sets up the quotation of Ps 110:1 in v. 34.
27 tn The aorist participle λαβών (labwn) could be taken temporally: “So then, after he was exalted…and received from the Father the promised Holy Spirit.” In the translation the more neutral “having received” was used to preserve the ambiguity of the original Greek.
28 tn Here the genitive τοῦ πνεύματος (tou pneumato") is a genitive of apposition; the promise consists of the Holy Spirit.
29 sn The use of the verb poured out looks back to 2:17-18, where the same verb occurs twice.
30 sn Sit at my right hand. The word “sit” alludes back to the promise of “seating one on his throne” in v. 30.
31 sn The metaphor make your enemies a footstool portrays the complete subjugation of the enemies.
32 sn A quotation from Ps 110:1, one of the most often-cited OT passages in the NT, pointing to the exaltation of Jesus.
33 tn Or “know for certain.” This term is in an emphatic position in the clause.
34 tn Grk “has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified.” The clause has been simplified in the translation by replacing the pronoun “him” with the explanatory clause “this Jesus whom you crucified” which comes at the end of the sentence.
35 sn Lord. This looks back to the quotation of Ps 110:1 and the mention of “calling on the Lord” in 2:21. Peter’s point is that the Lord on whom one calls for salvation is Jesus, because he is the one mediating God’s blessing of the Spirit as a sign of the presence of salvation and the last days.
36 tn Or “and Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”