2 Samuel 16:19

16:19 Moreover, whom should I serve? Should it not be his son? Just as I served your father, so I will serve you.” ¹ 

2 Samuel 22:44

22:44 You rescue me from a hostile army; ² 

you preserve me as a leader of nations;

people over whom I had no authority are now my subjects. ³ 

2 Samuel 15:8

15:8 For I made this vow ⁴  when I was living in Geshur in Aram: ‘If the Lord really does allow me to return to Jerusalem, ⁵  I will serve the Lord.’”

2 Samuel 13:17

13:17 He called his personal attendant and said to him, “Take this woman out of my sight ⁶  and lock the door behind her!”

2 Samuel 10:19

10:19 When all the kings who were subject to Hadadezer ⁷  saw they were defeated by Israel, they made peace with Israel and became subjects of Israel. ⁸  The Arameans were no longer willing to help the Ammonites.

2 Samuel 13:9

13:9 But when she took the pan and set it before him, he refused to eat. Instead Amnon said, “Get everyone out of here!” ⁹  So everyone left. ¹⁰ 

2 Samuel 8:18

8:18 Benaiah son of Jehoida supervised ¹¹  the Kerithites and Pelethites; and David’s sons were priests. ¹² 

2 Samuel 15:1

Absalom Leads an Insurrection against David

15:1 Some time later Absalom managed to acquire ¹³  a chariot and horses, as well as fifty men to serve as his royal guard. ¹⁴ 

2 Samuel 17:28

17:28 brought bedding, basins, and pottery utensils. They also brought food for David and all who were with him, including wheat, barley, flour, roasted grain, beans, lentils, ¹⁵ 

2 Samuel 12:4

12:4 “When a traveler arrived at the rich man’s home, ¹⁶  he did not want to use one of his own sheep or cattle to feed ¹⁷  the traveler who had come to visit him. ¹⁸  Instead, he took the poor man’s lamb and cooked ¹⁹  it for the man who had come to visit him.”

2 Samuel 12:20

12:20 So David got up from the ground, bathed, put on oil, and changed his clothes. He went to the house of the Lord and worshiped. Then, when he entered his palace, he requested that food be brought to him, and he ate.

¹ tn Heb “Just as I served before your father, so I will be before you.”

² tn Heb “from the strivings of my people.” In this context רִיב (riv, “striving”) probably has a militaristic sense (as in Judg 12:2; Isa 41:11), and עַם (’am, “people”) probably refers more specifically to an army (for other examples, see the verses listed in BDB 766 s.v. עַם 2.d). The suffix “my” suggests David is referring to attacks by his own countrymen, the “people” being Israel. However, the parallel text in Ps 18:43 omits the suffix.

³ tn Heb “a people whom I did not know serve me.” In this context the verb “know” (יָדַע, yada’) probably refers to formal recognition by treaty. People who were once not under the psalmist’s authority now willingly submit to his rulership to avoid being conquered militarily (see vv. 45-46). The language may recall the events recorded in 2 Sam 8:9-10 and 10:19.

³ tn Heb “for your servant vowed a vow.” The formal court style of referring to one’s self in third person (“your servant”) has been translated here as first person for clarity.

⁴ map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

⁴ tn Heb “send this [one] from upon me to the outside.”

⁵ tn Heb “the servants of Hadadezer.”

⁶ tn Heb “and they served them.”

⁶ tn Heb “from upon me.”

⁷ tc A few medieval Hebrew mss have “and they removed everyone” (Hiphil preterite with vav consecutive 3cp, rather than Qal preterite with vav consecutive 3cp).

⁷ tc The translation follows the Syriac Peshitta, Targum, and Vulgate in reading “over,” rather than the simple conjunction that appears in MT. See also the parallel passage in 1 Chr 18:17.

⁸ sn That David’s sons could have been priests, in light of the fact that they were not of the priestly lineage, is strange. One must assume either (1) that the word “priest” (כֹּהֵן, kohen) during this period of time could be used in a broader sense of “chief ruler” (KJV); “chief minister” (ASV, NASB), or “royal adviser” (NIV), perhaps based on the parallel passage in 1 Chr 18:17 which has “the king’s leading officials”, or (2) that in David’s day members of the king’s family could function as a special category of “priests” (cf. NLT “priestly leaders”). The latter option seems to be the more straightforward way of understanding the word in 2 Sam 8:18.

⁸ tn Heb “acquired for himself.”

⁹ tn Heb “to run ahead of him.”

⁹ tc The MT adds “roasted grain” וְקָלִי (vÿqali) at the end of v. 28, apparently accidentally repeating the word from its earlier occurrence in this verse. With the LXX, the Syriac Peshitta, and an Old Latin ms the translation deletes this second occurrence of the word.

¹⁰ tn Heb “came to the rich man.” In the translation “arrived at the rich man’s home” has been used for stylistic reasons.

¹¹ tn Heb “and he refused to take from his flock and from his herd to prepare [a meal] for.”

¹² tn Heb “who had come to him” (also a second time later in this verse). The word “visit” has been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarity.

¹³ tn Heb “and prepared.”