1:22 From the blood of the slain, from the fat of warriors,
the bow of Jonathan was not turned away.
The sword of Saul never returned 2 empty.
40:2 “Speak kindly to 3 Jerusalem, 4 and tell her
that her time of warfare is over, 5
that her punishment is completed. 6
For the Lord has made her pay double 7 for all her sins.”
2:14 However, in the future I will allure her; 8
I will lead 9 her back into the wilderness,
and speak tenderly to her.
1 tn Heb “and speak to the heart of.”
2 tn The Hebrew imperfect verbal form is used here to indicate repeated past action.
3 tn Heb “speak to the heart of Jerusalem.” Jerusalem is personified as a woman.
4 map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
5 tn Heb “that she is filled [with] her warfare.” Some understand צָבָא (tsavah, “warfare”) as meaning “hard service” or “compulsory labor” in this context.
6 tn Heb “that her punishment is accepted [as satisfactory].”
7 tn Heb “for she has received from the hand of the Lord double.” The principle of the double portion in punishment is also seen in Jer 16:18; 17:18 and Rev 18:6. For examples of the double portion in Israelite law, see Exod 22:4, 7, 9 (double restitution by a thief) and Deut 21:17 (double inheritance portion for the firstborn).
8 tn The participle מְפַתֶּיהָ (méfatteha, Piel participle masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix from פָּתָה, patah, “to allure”) following the deictic particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “Now!”) describes an event that will occur in the immediate or near future.
9 tn Following the future-time referent participle (מְפַתֶּיהָ, méfatteha) there is a string of perfects introduced by vav consecutive that refer to future events.