2 Samuel 5:4

5:4 David was thirty years old when he began to reign and he reigned for forty years.

2 Samuel 20:24

20:24 Adoniram ¹  was supervisor of the work crews. ²  Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the secretary.

2 Samuel 22:45

22:45 Foreigners are powerless before me; ³ 

when they hear of my exploits, they submit to me. ⁴ 

2 Samuel 23:36

23:36 Igal son of Nathan from Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

¹ tn Heb “Adoram” (so KJV, NAB, NRSV, CEV), but see 1 Kgs 4:6; 5:14.

² tn Heb “was over the forced labor.”

¹ tn For the meaning “to be weak; to be powerless” for the verb כָּחַשׁ (kakhash), see Ps 109:24. Verse 46, which also mentions foreigners, favors this interpretation. Another option is to translate “cower in fear” (see Deut 33:29; Pss 66:3; 81:15).

² tn Heb “at a report of an ear they submit to me.” The report of David’s exploits is so impressive that those who hear it submit to his rulership without putting up a fight.