Acts 15:5

15:5 But some from the religious party of the Pharisees ¹  who had believed stood up and said, “It is necessary ²  to circumcise the Gentiles ³  and to order them to observe ⁴  the law of Moses.”

Acts 25:8

25:8 Paul said in his defense, ⁵  “I have committed no offense ⁶  against the Jewish law ⁷  or against the temple or against Caesar.” ⁸ 

¹ sn See the note on Pharisee in 5:34.

² sn The Greek word used here (δεῖ, dei) is a strong term that expresses divine necessity. The claim is that God commanded the circumcision of Gentiles.

³ tn Grk “them”; the referent (the Gentiles) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

⁴ tn Or “keep.”

⁵ tn Grk “Paul saying in his defense”; the participle ἀπολογουμένου (apologoumenou) could be taken temporally (“when Paul said…”), but due to the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the participle was translated as a finite verb and a new sentence begun here in the translation. BDAG 116-17 s.v. ἀπολογέομαι has “W. ὅτι foll. τοῦ Παύλου ἀπολογουμένου, ὅτι when Paul said in his defense (direct quot. foll.) Ac 25:8.”

⁶ tn Grk “I have sinned…in nothing.”

⁷ tn Grk “against the law of the Jews.” Here τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων has been translated as an attributive genitive.

⁸ tn Or “against the emperor” (“Caesar” is a title for the Roman emperor).