4:27 “For indeed both Herod and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles and the people of Israel, assembled together in this city against 5 your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed, 6
‘Go to this people and say,
“You will keep on hearing, 45 but will never understand,
and you will keep on looking, 46 but will never perceive.
1 tn Or perhaps “People of Israel,” since this was taking place in Solomon’s Portico and women may have been present. The Greek ἄνδρες ᾿Ισραηλῖται (andre" Israhlitai) used in the plural would normally mean “men, gentlemen” (BDAG 79 s.v. ἀνήρ 1.a).
2 tn Grk “or why.”
3 tn Grk “him”; the referent (the man) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
4 tn Or “glorifying.”
7 sn The application of Ps 2:1-2 is that Jews and Gentiles are opposing Jesus. The surprise of the application is that Jews are now found among the enemies of God’s plan.
8 sn A wordplay on “Christ,” v. 26, which means “one who has been anointed.”
10 tn Grk “the temple.” This is actually a reference to the courts surrounding the temple proper, and has been translated accordingly.
11 sn Obeying God (see v. 29), the apostles were teaching again (4:18-20; 5:20). They did so despite the risk.
13 tn Or “registration.”
14 tn The verb ἀφίστημι (afisthmi) as a transitive means “cause to revolt” as used in Josephus, Ant. 8.7.5 (8.198), 20.5.2 (20.102); see BDAG 157 s.v. 1.
16 tn Or “mistreatment.”
17 tn Or “to set them free.”
18 tn Grk “And now.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.
19 sn A quotation from Exod 3:7-8, 10.
19 tn Or “the witnesses God had previously chosen.” See Acts 1:8.
20 sn Ate and drank. See Luke 24:35-49.
22 tn Grk “And when.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.
23 tn Or “delivered.”
24 sn Here the hand of Herod is a metaphor for Herod’s power or control.
25 sn King Herod was Herod Agrippa I, the grandson of Herod I (Herod the Great).
26 sn Luke characterizes the opposition here as the Jewish people, including their leadership (see 12:3).
25 sn After the reading from the law and the prophets. In the 1st century Jewish synagogue, it was customary after the reading of the Torah (law) and prophets for men to give exhortation from the scriptures.
26 tn Normally ἀρχισυνάγωγος (arcisunagwgo") refers to the “president of a synagogue” (so BDAG 139 s.v. and L&N 53.93). Since the term is plural here, however, and it would sound strange to the English reader to speak of “the presidents of the synagogue,” the alternative translation “leaders” is used. “Rulers” would also be acceptable, but does not convey quite the same idea.
27 tn Grk “sent to them”; the word “message” is an understood direct object. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.
28 tn Grk “Men brothers,” but this is both awkward and unnecessary in English.
29 tn Or “word.”
30 tn Or “encouragement.”
31 tn Or “give it.”
28 sn These disciples may have had their contact with John early on in the Baptist’s ministry before Jesus had emerged. This is the fifth time Luke links John the Baptist and Jesus (Acts 1:5; 11:16; 13:25; 18:25).
31 tn On this term see BDAG 545 s.v. κινέω 2.b.
32 tn Or “the people formed a mob.” BDAG 967 s.v. συνδρομή has “formation of a mob by pers. running together, running together…ἐγένετο σ. τοῦ λαοῦ the people rushed together Ac 21:30.”
33 tn Grk “and seizing.” The participle ἐπιλαβόμενοι (epilabomenoi) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was begun in the translation, and καί (kai) has not been translated here.
34 tn Grk “out of the temple.” See the note on the word “temple” in v. 28.
34 tn Grk “said.”
35 tn Grk “a Jewish man.”
36 tn Grk “of a not insignificant city.” The double negative, common in Greek, is awkward in English and has been replaced by a corresponding positive expression (BDAG 142 s.v. ἄσημος 1).
37 tn Grk “I beg you.”
37 tn The referent (the commanding officer) has been supplied here in the translation for clarity.
38 tn Grk “Giving him permission.” The participle ἐπιτρέψαντος (epitreyanto") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
39 tn Grk “standing.” The participle ἑστώς (Jestws) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
40 tn Or “motioned.”
41 tn γενομένης (genomenhs) has been taken temporally. BDAG 922 s.v. σιγή has “πολλῆς σιγῆς γενομένης when a great silence had fallen = when they had become silent Ac 21:40.”
42 tn Or “spoke out to.” L&N 33.27 has “to address an audience, with possible emphasis upon loudness – ‘to address, to speak out to.’ πολλῆς δέ σιγῆς γενομένης προσεφώνησεν τῇ ᾿Εβραίδι διαλέκτῳ ‘when they were quiet, he addressed them in Hebrew’ Ac 21:40.”
43 tn Grk “in the Hebrew dialect, saying.” This refers to the Aramaic spoken in Palestine in the 1st century (BDAG 270 s.v. ῾Εβραΐς). The participle λέγων (legwn) is redundant in English and has not been translated.
40 tn Grk “you will hear with hearing” (an idiom).
41 tn Or “seeing”; Grk “you will look by looking” (an idiom).