1 tn The Hebrew word translated “yellow jasper” is תַּרשִׁישׁ (tarshish); it appears to be a semiprecious stone, but its exact identity is somewhat uncertain. It may be the yellow jasper, although this is conjectural. Cf. NAB, NIV “chrysolite”; NASB, NRSV “beryl.”
2 tn Heb “torches of fire.”
3 tn Heb “The sound of his words” (cf. v. 9).
4 sn Onyx (also called sardonyx) is a semiprecious stone that comes in various colors (L&N 2.35).
5 sn Carnelian is a semiprecious gemstone, usually red in color (L&N 2.36).
6 sn Chrysolite refers to either quartz or topaz, golden yellow in color (L&N 2.37).
7 sn Beryl is a semiprecious stone, usually blue-green or green in color (L&N 2.38).
8 sn Chrysoprase is a greenish type of quartz (L&N 2.40).
9 sn Jacinth is a semiprecious stone, probably blue in color (also called “hyacinth,” but that translation is not used here because of possible confusion with the flower of the same name). See L&N 2.41.