7:25 He will speak words against the Most High.
He will harass 4 the holy ones of the Most High continually.
His intention 5 will be to change times established by law. 6
They will be delivered into his hand
For a time, times, 7 and half a time.
7:28 “This is the conclusion of the matter. As for me, Daniel, my thoughts troubled me greatly, and the color drained from my face. 8 But I kept the matter to myself.” 9
12:4 “But you, Daniel, close up these words and seal the book until the time of the end. Many will dash about, 20 and knowledge will increase.”
1 tn Aram “until.”
2 tc The LXX, Theodotion, and the Vulgate have “from a mountain,” though this is probably a harmonization with v. 45.
3 tc In the LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate the verb is active, understanding “judgment” to be the object rather than the subject of the verb (i.e., “the Ancient of Days rendered judgment”). This presupposes a different vocalization of the verb ( יְהַב [yÿhav] rather than the MT יְהִב [yÿhiv]).
5 tn Aram “wear out” (so KJV, ASV, NRSV); NASB, NLT “wear down.” The word is a hapax legomenon in biblical Aramaic, but in biblical Hebrew it especially refers to wearing out such things as garments. Here it is translated “harass…continually.”
6 tn Aram “he will think.”
7 tn Aram “times and law.” The present translation is based on the understanding that the expression is a hendiadys.
8 sn Although the word times is vocalized in the MT as a plural, it probably should be regarded as a dual. The Masoretes may have been influenced here by the fact that in late Aramaic (and Syriac) the dual forms fall out of use. The meaning would thus be three and a half “times.”
7 tn Aram “my brightness was changing on me.”
8 tn Aram “in my heart.”
9 tn Heb “the wrath of its strength.”
11 tn The word “horns” is not in the Hebrew text, but is implied.
12 sn The four conspicuous horns refer to Alexander’s successors. After his death, Alexander’s empire was divided up among four of his generals: Cassander, who took Macedonia and Greece; Lysimachus, who took Thrace and parts of Asia Minor; Seleucus, who took Syria and territory to its east; and Ptolemy, who took control of Egypt.
13 tn Or “the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.
13 tn Heb “mouth.”
14 sn Anointing oneself with oil (usually olive oil) was a common OT practice due to the severity of the Middle Eastern sun (cf. Ps 121:6). It was also associated with rejoicing (e.g., Prov 27:9) and was therefore usually not practiced during a period of mourning.
15 sn The sons of Seleucus II Callinicus were Seleucus III Ceraunus (ca. 227-223
16 tn Heb “his”; the referent (the enemy of the king of the north) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
17 tn Heb “and he will certainly come and overflow and cross over and return and be aroused unto a fortress.” The translation has attempted to simplify the syntax of this difficult sequence.
17 sn Presumably seas refers to the Mediterranean Sea and the Dead Sea.
19 tn Or “will run back and forth”; KJV “shall run to and fro”; NIV “will go here and there”; CEV “will go everywhere.”