1 tn Aram “caused to go up.”
2 tn The Aramaic verb is active.
3 tn Aram “the flame of the fire” (so KJV, ASV, NASB); NRSV “the raging flames.”
4 tc The present translation reads וּצְבָאָהּ נִתַּן (utsÿva’ah nittan) for the MT וְצָבָא תִּנָּתֵן (vÿtsava’ tinnaten). The context suggests a perfect rather than an imperfect verb.
5 tn Heb “in (the course of) rebellion.” The meaning of the phrase is difficult to determine. It could mean “due to rebellion,” referring to the failures of the Jews, but this is not likely since it is not a point made elsewhere in the book. The phrase more probably refers to the rebellion against God and the atrocities against the Jews epitomized by Antiochus.
6 tc Two medieval Hebrew
7 sn Truth here probably refers to the Torah. According to 1 Macc 1:56, Antiochus initiated destruction of the sacred books of the Jews.
8 tn Heb “it acted and prospered.”
7 tn The Hebrew word translated “yellow jasper” is תַּרשִׁישׁ (tarshish); it appears to be a semiprecious stone, but its exact identity is somewhat uncertain. It may be the yellow jasper, although this is conjectural. Cf. NAB, NIV “chrysolite”; NASB, NRSV “beryl.”
8 tn Heb “torches of fire.”
9 tn Heb “The sound of his words” (cf. v. 9).
10 tn Heb “arms.”
11 tn Heb “the sanctuary, the fortress.”
12 tn Heb “will give.”