3:4 Then the herald 1 made a loud 2 proclamation: “To you, O peoples, nations, and language groups, the following command is given: 3
4:14 He called out loudly 6 as follows: 7
‘Chop down the tree and lop off its branches!
Strip off its foliage
and scatter its fruit!
Let the animals flee from under it
and the birds from its branches!
4:35 All the inhabitants of the earth are regarded as nothing. 8
He does as he wishes with the army of heaven
and with those who inhabit the earth.
No one slaps 9 his hand
and says to him, ‘What have you done?’
1 tn According to BDB 1097 s.v. כָּרוֹז the Aramaic word used here is a Greek loanword, but other scholars have argued instead for a Persian derivation (HALOT 1902 s.v. *כָּרוֹז).
2 tn Aram “in strength.”
3 tn Aram “they are saying.”
4 tn Heb “heart.”
5 sn This king of the south was Ptolemy Philometer (ca. 181-145
7 tn Aram “in strength.”
8 tn Aram “and thus he was saying.”
10 tc The present translation reads כְּלָא (kÿla’), with many medieval Hebrew
11 tn Aram “strikes against.”
13 tn Aram “in strength.”
14 tn Aram “cause to enter.”
15 tn Aram “answered and said.”
16 sn Purple was a color associated with royalty in the ancient world.
17 tn The term translated “golden collar” here probably refers to something more substantial than merely a gold chain (cf. NIV, NCV, NRSV, NLT) or necklace (cf. NASB).