4:28 Now all of this happened 1 to King Nebuchadnezzar.
4:11 The tree grew large and strong.
Its top reached far into the sky;
it could be seen 2 from the borders of all the land. 3
“And with 6 the clouds of the sky 7
one like a son of man 8 was approaching.
He went up to the Ancient of Days
and was escorted 9 before him.
1 tn Aram “reached.”
2 tn Aram “its sight.” So also v. 17.
3 tn Or “to the end of all the earth” (so KJV, ASV); NCV, CEV “from anywhere on earth.”
3 tn Aram “its sight.”
4 sn Much of modern scholarship views this chapter as a distortion of traditions that were originally associated with Nabonidus rather than with Nebuchadnezzar. A Qumran text, the Prayer of Nabonidus, is often cited for parallels to these events.
5 tc The LXX has ἐπί (epi, “upon”) here (cf. Matt 24:30; 26:64). Theodotion has μετά (meta, “with”) here (cf. Mark 14:62; Rev 1:7).
6 tn Or “the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.
7 sn This text is probably the main OT background for Jesus’ use of the term “son of man.” In both Jewish and Christian circles the reference in the book of Daniel has traditionally been understood to refer to an individual, usually in a messianic sense. Many modern scholars, however, understand the reference to have a corporate identity. In this view, the “son of man” is to be equated with the “holy ones” (vv. 18, 21, 22, 25) or the “people of the holy ones” (v. 27) and understood as a reference to the Jewish people. Others understand Daniel’s reference to be to the angel Michael.
8 tn Aram “they brought him near.”
6 tc In the LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate the verb is active, understanding “judgment” to be the object rather than the subject of the verb (i.e., “the Ancient of Days rendered judgment”). This presupposes a different vocalization of the verb ( יְהַב [yÿhav] rather than the MT יְהִב [yÿhiv]).
7 tn Aram “said.”
8 tn Aram “had eaten the pieces of.” The Aramaic expression is ironic, in that the accusers who had figuratively “eaten the pieces of Daniel” are themselves literally devoured by the lions.
9 tn The Aramaic active impersonal verb is often used as a substitute for the passive.
10 tc The LXX specifies only the two overseers, together with their families, as those who were cast into the lions’ den.