Daniel 5:19

5:19 Due to the greatness that he bestowed on him, all peoples, nations, and language groups were trembling with fear ¹  before him. He killed whom he wished, he spared ²  whom he wished, he exalted whom he wished, and he brought low whom he wished.

Daniel 4:17

4:17 This announcement is by the decree of the sentinels;

this decision is by the pronouncement of the holy ones,

so that ³  those who are alive may understand

that the Most High has authority over human kingdoms, ⁴ 

and he bestows them on whomever he wishes.

He establishes over them even the lowliest of human beings.’

Daniel 4:32

4:32 You will be driven from human society, and you will live with the wild animals. You will be fed grass like oxen, and seven periods of time will pass by for you before ⁵  you understand that the Most High is ruler over human kingdoms and gives them to whomever he wishes.”

Daniel 4:35

4:35 All the inhabitants of the earth are regarded as nothing. ⁶ 

He does as he wishes with the army of heaven

and with those who inhabit the earth.

No one slaps ⁷  his hand

and says to him, ‘What have you done?’

Daniel 7:19

7:19 “Then I wanted to know the meaning ⁸  of the fourth beast, which was different from all the others. It was very dreadful, with two rows of iron teeth and bronze claws, and it devoured, crushed, and trampled anything that was left with its feet.

Daniel 4:25

4:25 You will be driven ⁹  from human society, ¹⁰  and you will live ¹¹  with the wild animals. You will be fed ¹²  grass like oxen, ¹³  and you will become damp with the dew of the sky. Seven periods of time will pass by for you, before ¹⁴  you understand that the Most High is ruler over human kingdoms and gives them to whomever he wishes.

Daniel 5:21

5:21 He was driven from human society, his mind ¹⁵  was changed to that of an animal, he lived ¹⁶  with the wild donkeys, he was fed grass like oxen, and his body became damp with the dew of the sky, until he came to understand that the most high God rules over human kingdoms, and he appoints over them whomever he wishes.

¹ tn Aram “were trembling and fearing.” This can be treated as a hendiadys, “were trembling with fear.”

² tn Aram “let live.” This Aramaic form is the aphel participle of חַיָה(khayah, “to live”). Theodotion and the Vulgate mistakenly take the form to be from מְחָא (mÿkha’, “to smite”).

³ tc The present translation follows an underlying reading of עַל־דִּבְרַת (’al-divrat, “so that”) rather than MT עַד־דִּבְרַת (’ad-divrat, “until”).

⁴ tn Aram “the kingdom of man”; NASB “the realm of mankind”; NCV “every kingdom on earth.”

⁵ tn Aram “until.”

⁷ tc The present translation reads כְּלָא (kÿla’), with many medieval Hebrew MSS, rather than כְּלָה (kÿlah) of BHS.

⁸ tn Aram “strikes against.”

⁹ tn Aram “to make certain.”

¹¹ tn The Aramaic indefinite active plural is used here like the English passive. So also in v. 28, 29,32.

¹² tn Aram “from mankind.” So also in v. 32.

¹³ tn Aram “your dwelling will be.” So also in v. 32.

¹⁴ tn Or perhaps “be made to eat.”

¹⁵ sn Nebuchadnezzar’s insanity has features that are associated with the mental disorder known as boanthropy, in which the person so afflicted imagines himself to be an ox or a similar animal and behaves accordingly.

¹⁶ tn Aram “until.”

¹³ tn Aram “heart.”

¹⁴ tn Aram “his dwelling.”