Daniel 8:10

8:10 It grew so big it reached the army ¹  of heaven, and it brought about the fall of some of the army and some of the stars ²  to the ground, where it trampled them.

Daniel 1:3

1:3 The king commanded ³  Ashpenaz, ⁴  who was in charge of his court officials, ⁵  to choose ⁶  some of the Israelites who were of royal and noble descent ⁷  –

Daniel 2:33

2:33 Its legs were of iron; its feet were partly of iron and partly of clay. ⁸ 

Daniel 8:11

8:11 It also acted arrogantly against the Prince of the army, ⁹  from whom ¹⁰  the daily sacrifice was removed and whose sanctuary ¹¹  was thrown down.

Daniel 11:5

11:5 “Then the king of the south ¹²  and one of his subordinates ¹³  will grow strong. His subordinate ¹⁴  will resist ¹⁵  him and will rule a kingdom greater than his. ¹⁶ 

Daniel 11:23

11:23 After ¹⁷  entering into an alliance with him, he will behave treacherously; he will ascend to power with only a small force. ¹⁸ 

Daniel 11:31

11:31 His forces ¹⁹  will rise up and profane the fortified sanctuary, ²⁰  stopping the daily sacrifice. In its place they will set up ²¹  the abomination that causes desolation.

Daniel 1:12

1:12 “Please test your servants for ten days by providing us with some vegetables to eat and water to drink.

Daniel 1:15

1:15 At the end of the ten days their appearance was better and their bodies were healthier ²²  than all the young men who had been eating the royal delicacies.

Daniel 2:42

2:42 In that the toes of the feet were partly of iron and partly of clay, the latter stages of this kingdom will be partly strong and partly fragile.

Daniel 8:9

8:9 From one of them came a small horn. ²³  But it grew to be very big, toward the south and the east and toward the beautiful land. ²⁴ 

Daniel 11:13

11:13 For the king of the north will again muster an army, one larger than before. At the end of some years he will advance with a huge army and enormous supplies.

Daniel 11:35

11:35 Even some of the wise will stumble, resulting in their refinement, purification, and cleansing until the time of the end, for it is still for the appointed time.

Daniel 1:10

1:10 But he ²⁵  responded to Daniel, “I fear my master the king. He is the one who has decided ²⁶  your food and drink. What would happen if he saw that you looked malnourished in comparison to the other young men your age? ²⁷  If that happened, ²⁸  you would endanger my life ²⁹  with the king!”

Daniel 2:41

2:41 In that you were seeing feet and toes ³⁰  partly of wet clay ³¹  and partly of iron, so this will be a divided kingdom. Some of the strength of iron will be in it, for you saw iron mixed with wet clay. ³² 

Daniel 8:3

8:3 I looked up ³³  and saw ³⁴  a ³⁵  ram with two horns standing at the canal. Its two horns were both long, ³⁶  but one was longer than the other. The longer one was coming up after the shorter one.

Daniel 8:5

8:5 While I was contemplating all this, ³⁷  a male goat ³⁸  was coming from the west over the surface of all the land ³⁹  without touching the ground. This goat had a conspicuous horn ⁴⁰  between its eyes.

Daniel 9:25

9:25 So know and understand:

From the issuing of the command ⁴¹  to restore and rebuild

Jerusalem ⁴²  until an anointed one, a prince arrives, ⁴³ 

there will be a period of seven weeks ⁴⁴  and sixty-two weeks.

It will again be built, ⁴⁵  with plaza and moat,

but in distressful times.

Daniel 10:12

10:12 Then he said to me, “Don’t be afraid, Daniel, for from the very first day you applied your mind ⁴⁶  to understand and to humble yourself before your God, your words were heard. I have come in response to your words.

¹ tn Traditionally, “host.” The term refers to God’s heavenly angelic assembly, which he sometimes leads into battle as an army.

² sn In prescientific Israelite thinking the stars were associated with the angelic members of God’s heavenly assembly. See Judg 5:20; Job 38:7; Isa 40:26. In west Semitic mythology the stars were members of the high god’s divine assembly (see Isa 14:13).

³ tn Or “gave orders to.” Heb “said to.”

⁴ sn It is possible that the word Ashpenaz is not a proper name at all, but a general term for “innkeeper.” See J. J. Collins, Daniel (Hermeneia), 127, n. 9. However, the ancient versions understand the term to be a name, and the present translation (along with most English versions) understands the word in this way.

⁵ sn The word court official (Hebrew saris) need not mean “eunuch” in a technical sense (see Gen 37:36, where the term refers to Potiphar, who had a wife), although in the case of the book of Daniel there was in Jewish literature a common tradition to that effect. On the OT usage of this word see HALOT 769-70 s.v. סָרֹיס.

⁶ tn Heb “bring.”

⁷ tn Heb “and from the seed of royalty and from the nobles.”

⁵ sn Clay refers to baked clay, which – though hard – was also fragile. Cf. the reference in v. 41 to “wet clay.”

⁷ sn The prince of the army may refer to God (cf. “whose sanctuary” later in the verse) or to the angel Michael (cf. 12:1).

⁸ tn Or perhaps “and by him,” referring to Antiochus rather than to God.

⁹ sn Here the sanctuary is a reference to the temple of God in Jerusalem.

⁹ sn The king of the south is Ptolemy I Soter (ca. 323-285 B.C.). The following reference to one of his subordinates apparently has in view Seleucus I Nicator (ca. 311-280 B.C.). Throughout the remainder of chap. 11 the expressions “king of the south” and “king of the north” repeatedly occur. It is clear, however, that these terms are being used generically to describe the Ptolemaic king (i.e., “of the south”) or the Seleucid king (i.e., “of the north”) who happens to be in power at any particular time. The specific identity of these kings can be established more or less successfully by a comparison of this chapter with the available extra-biblical records that discuss the history of the intertestamental period. In the following notes the generally accepted identifications are briefly mentioned.

¹⁰ tn Heb “princes.”

¹¹ tn Heb “and he”; the referent (the subordinate prince mentioned in the previous clause) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

¹² tn Heb “be strong against.”

¹³ tn Heb “greater than his kingdom.”

¹¹ tn The preposition מִן (min) is probably temporal here (so BDB 583 s.v. 7.c; cf. KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV), although it could also be understood here as indicating means (so J. Goldingay, Daniel [WBC], 279, n. 23a; cf. TEV, NLT).

¹² tn Heb “nation.”

¹³ tn Heb “arms.”

¹⁴ tn Heb “the sanctuary, the fortress.”

¹⁵ tn Heb “will give.”

¹⁵ tn Heb “fat of flesh”; KJV, ASV “fatter in flesh”; NASB, NRSV “fatter” (although this is no longer a sign of health in Western culture).

¹⁷ sn This small horn is Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who controlled the Seleucid kingdom from ca. 175-164 B.C. Antiochus was extremely hostile toward the Jews and persecuted them mercilessly.

¹⁸ sn The expression the beautiful land (Heb. הַצֶּבִי [hatsÿvi] = “the beauty”) is a cryptic reference to the land of Israel. Cf. 11:16, 41, where it is preceded by the word אֶרֶץ (’erets, “land”).

¹⁹ tn Heb “The overseer of the court officials.” The subject has been specified in the translation for the sake of clarity.

²⁰ tn Heb “assigned.” See v. 5.

²¹ tn Heb “Why should he see your faces thin from the young men who are according to your age?” The term translated “thin” occurs only here and in Gen 40:6, where it appears to refer to a dejected facial expression. The word is related to an Arabic root meaning “be weak.” See HALOT 277 s.v. II זעף.

²² tn The words “if that happened” are not in the Hebrew text but have been added in the translation for clarity.

²³ tn Heb “my head.” Presumably this is an implicit reference to capital punishment (cf. NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT), although this is not entirely clear.

²¹ tc The LXX lacks “and toes.”

²² tn Aram “potter’s clay.”

²³ tn Aram “clay of clay” (also in v. 43).

²³ tn Heb “lifted my eyes.”

²⁴ tn Heb “and behold.”

²⁵ tn Heb “one.” The Hebrew numerical adjective occasionally functions like an English indefinite article. See GKC 401 §125.b.

²⁶ tn Heb “high” (also “higher” later in this verse).

²⁵ tn The words “all this” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarification.

²⁶ tn Heb “and behold, a he-goat of the goats.”

²⁷ tn Or “of the whole earth” (NAB, ASV, NASB, NRSV).

²⁸ tn Heb “a horn of vision” [or “conspicuousness”], i.e., “a conspicuous horn,” one easily seen.

²⁷ tn Or “decree” (NASB, NIV); or “word” (NAB, NRSV).

²⁸ map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

²⁹ tn The word “arrives” is added in the translation for clarification.

³⁰ tn Heb “sevens” (also later in this line and in v. 26).

³¹ tn Heb “it will return and be built.” The expression is a verbal hendiadys.

²⁹ tn Heb “gave your heart.”