Daniel 8:13

8:13 Then I heard a holy one ¹  speaking. Another holy one said to the one who was speaking, “To what period of time does the vision pertain – this vision concerning the daily sacrifice and the destructive act of rebellion and the giving over of both the sanctuary and army to be trampled?”

Daniel 9:27

9:27 He will confirm a covenant with many for one week. ² 

But in the middle of that week

he will bring sacrifices and offerings to a halt.

On the wing ³  of abominations will come ⁴  one who destroys,

until the decreed end is poured out on the one who destroys.”

Daniel 11:31

11:31 His forces ⁵  will rise up and profane the fortified sanctuary, ⁶  stopping the daily sacrifice. In its place they will set up ⁷  the abomination that causes desolation.

Matthew 24:15

The Abomination of Desolation

24:15 “So when you see the abomination of desolation ⁸  – spoken about by Daniel the prophet – standing in the holy place (let the reader understand),

Mark 13:14

The Abomination of Desolation

13:14 “But when you see the abomination of desolation ⁹  standing where it should not be (let the reader understand), then those in Judea must flee ¹⁰  to the mountains.

Revelation 11:2

11:2 But ¹¹  do not measure the outer courtyard ¹²  of the temple; leave it out, ¹³  because it has been given to the Gentiles, ¹⁴  and they will trample on the holy city ¹⁵  for forty-two months.

¹ sn The holy one referred to here is presumably an angel. Cf. 4:13[10], 23 [20].

² tn Heb “one seven” (also later in this line).

³ tn The referent of the Hebrew word כְּנַף (kÿnaf, “wing”) is unclear here. The LXX and Theodotion have “the temple.” Some English versions (e.g., NAB, NIV) take this to mean “a wing of the temple,” but this is not clear.

⁴ tn The Hebrew text does not have this verb, but it has been supplied in the translation for clarity.

⁵ tn Heb “arms.”

⁶ tn Heb “the sanctuary, the fortress.”

⁷ tn Heb “will give.”

⁸ sn The reference to the abomination of desolation is an allusion to Dan 9:27. Though some have seen the fulfillment of Daniel’s prophecy in the actions of Antiochus IV (or a representative of his) in 167 b.c., the words of Jesus seem to indicate that Antiochus was not the final fulfillment, but that there was (from Jesus’ perspective) still another fulfillment yet to come. Some argue that this was realized in a.d. 70, while others claim that it refers specifically to Antichrist and will not be fully realized until the period of the great tribulation at the end of the age (cf. Mark 13:14, 19, 24; Rev 3:10).

⁹ sn The reference to the abomination of desolation is an allusion to Dan 9:27. Though some have seen the fulfillment of Daniel’s prophecy in the actions of Antiochus IV (or a representative of his) in 167 b.c., the words of Jesus seem to indicate that Antiochus was not the final fulfillment, but that there was (from Jesus’ perspective) still another fulfillment yet to come. Some argue that this was realized in a.d. 70, while others claim that it refers specifically to Antichrist and will not be fully realized until the period of the great tribulation at the end of the age (cf. Mark 13:19, 24; Matt 24:21; Rev 3:10).

¹⁰ sn Fleeing to the mountains is a key OT image: Gen 19:17; Judg 6:2; Isa 15:5; Jer 16:16; Zech 14:5.

¹¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

¹² tn On the term αὐλήν (aulhn) BDAG 150 s.v. αὐλή 1 states, “(outer) court of the temple…Rv 11:2.”

¹³ tn The precise meaning of the phrase ἔκβαλε ἔξωθεν (ekbale exwqen) is difficult to determine.

¹⁴ tn Or “to the nations” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).

¹⁵ sn The holy city appears to be a reference to Jerusalem. See also Luke 21:24.