Daniel 8:9

8:9 From one of them came a small horn. ¹  But it grew to be very big, toward the south and the east and toward the beautiful land. ² 

Daniel 12:5

12:5 I, Daniel, watched as two others stood there, one on each side of the river. ³ 

Daniel 1:21

1:21 Now Daniel lived on until the first ⁴  year of Cyrus the king.

Daniel 9:1

Daniel Prays for His People

9:1 In the first year of Darius ⁵  son of Ahasuerus, ⁶  who was of Median descent and who had been ⁷  appointed king over the Babylonian ⁸  empire –

Daniel 11:1

11:1 And in the first year of Darius the Mede, I ⁹  stood to strengthen him and to provide protection for him.)

Daniel 8:3

8:3 I looked up ¹⁰  and saw ¹¹  a ¹²  ram with two horns standing at the canal. Its two horns were both long, ¹³  but one was longer than the other. The longer one was coming up after the shorter one.

Daniel 8:13

8:13 Then I heard a holy one ¹⁴  speaking. Another holy one said to the one who was speaking, “To what period of time does the vision pertain – this vision concerning the daily sacrifice and the destructive act of rebellion and the giving over of both the sanctuary and army to be trampled?”

Daniel 10:13

10:13 However, the prince of the kingdom of Persia was opposing me for twenty-one days. But ¹⁵  Michael, one of the leading princes, came to help me, because I was left there ¹⁶  with the kings of Persia.

Daniel 10:5

10:5 I looked up ¹⁷  and saw a ¹⁸  man ¹⁹  clothed in linen; ²⁰  around his waist was a belt made of gold from Upaz. ²¹ 

Daniel 10:21

10:21 However, I will first tell you what is written in a dependable book. ²²  (There is no one who strengthens me against these princes, ²³  except Michael your ²⁴  prince.

Daniel 11:20

11:20 There will arise after him ²⁵  one ²⁶  who will send out an exactor ²⁷  of tribute to enhance the splendor of the kingdom, but after a few days he will be destroyed, ²⁸  though not in anger or battle.

Daniel 11:27

11:27 These two kings, their minds ²⁹  filled with evil intentions, will trade ³⁰  lies with one another at the same table. But it will not succeed, for there is still an end at the appointed time.

Daniel 9:2

9:2 in the first year of his reign ³¹  I, Daniel, came to understand from the sacred books ³²  that, according to the word of the LORD ³³  disclosed to the prophet Jeremiah, the years for the fulfilling of the desolation of Jerusalem ³⁴  were seventy in number.

Daniel 9:27

9:27 He will confirm a covenant with many for one week. ³⁵ 

But in the middle of that week

he will bring sacrifices and offerings to a halt.

On the wing ³⁶  of abominations will come ³⁷  one who destroys,

until the decreed end is poured out on the one who destroys.”

¹ sn This small horn is Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who controlled the Seleucid kingdom from ca. 175-164 B.C. Antiochus was extremely hostile toward the Jews and persecuted them mercilessly.

² sn The expression the beautiful land (Heb. הַצֶּבִי [hatsÿvi] = “the beauty”) is a cryptic reference to the land of Israel. Cf. 11:16, 41, where it is preceded by the word אֶרֶץ (’erets, “land”).

³ tn Heb “one to this edge of the river and one to that edge of the river.”

⁵ sn The Persian king Cyrus’ first year in control of Babylon was 539 B.C. Daniel actually lived beyond the first year of Cyrus, as is clear from 10:1. The purpose of the statement in 1:21 is merely to say that Daniel’s life spanned the entire period of the neo-Babylonian empire. His life span also included the early years of the Persian control of Babylon. However, by that time his age was quite advanced; he probably died sometime in the 530’s B.C.

⁷ sn The identity of this Darius is a major problem in correlating the biblical material with the extra-biblical records of this period. Most modern scholars treat the reference as a mistaken allusion to Darius Hystaspes (ca. 522-486 B.C.). Others have maintained instead that this name is a reference to the Persian governor Gubaru. Still others understand the reference to be to the Persian king Cyrus (cf. 6:28, where the vav (ו) may be understood as vav explicativum, meaning “even”). Under either of these latter two interpretations, the first year of Darius would have been ca. 538 B.C. Daniel would have been approximately eighty-two years old at this time.

⁸ tc The LXX reads “Xerxes.” This is the reading used by some English versions (e.g., NIV, NCV, TEV, CEV). Most other English versions retain the Hebrew name “Ahasuerus.”

⁹ tc The present translation follows the MT in reading a Hophal (i.e., passive). Theodotion, the Syriac, and the Vulgate all presuppose the Hiphil (i.e., active). Even though this is the only occurrence of the Hophal of this verb in the Bible, there is no need to emend the vocalization to the Hiphil.

¹⁰ tn Heb “was made king over the kingdom of the Chaldeans.”

⁹ sn The antecedent of the pronoun “I” is the angel, not Daniel. The traditional chapter division at this point, and the presence of a chronological note in the verse similar to ones used elsewhere in the book to position Daniel’s activities in relation to imperial affairs, sometimes lead to confusion on this matter.

¹¹ tn Heb “lifted my eyes.”

¹² tn Heb “and behold.”

¹³ tn Heb “one.” The Hebrew numerical adjective occasionally functions like an English indefinite article. See GKC 401 §125.b.

¹⁴ tn Heb “high” (also “higher” later in this verse).

¹³ sn The holy one referred to here is presumably an angel. Cf. 4:13[10], 23 [20].

¹⁵ tn Heb “and behold.”

¹⁶ tc The Greek version of Theodotion reads “I left him [i.e., Michael] there,” and this is followed by a number of English translations (cf. NAB, NRSV, NLT).

¹⁷ tn Heb “I lifted up my eyes.”

¹⁸ tn Heb “one.” The Hebrew numerical adjective is used here like an English indefinite article.

¹⁹ sn The identity of the messenger is not specifically disclosed. Presumably he is an unnamed angel. Some interpreters identify him as Gabriel, but there is no adequate reason for doing so.

²⁰ tn The Hebrew word בַּדִּים (baddim) is a plural of extension. See GKC 396-97 §124.a, b, c and Joüon 2:500 §136.c.

²¹ tn The location of this place and even the exact form of the Hebrew name אוּפָז (’ufaz) are uncertain. Apparently it was a source for pure gold. (See Jer 10:9.) The Hebrew word פָז (paz, “refined gold” or “pure gold”) is more common in the OT than אוּפָז, and some scholars emend the text of Dan 10:5 to read this word. Cf. also “Ophir” (1 Kgs 9:28; Isa 13:12; Job 22:24; 28:16).

¹⁹ tn Heb “a book of truth.” Several English versions treat this as a title of some sort (cf. NIV, NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT), although the NAB’s rendering “the truthful book” regards “truth” as an attributive adjective, as does the present translation.

²⁰ tn The word “princes” is supplied for clarity.

²¹ tn The pronoun is plural in Hebrew, suggesting that Michael is the angelic prince of Daniel and his people.

²¹ tn Heb “on his place.”

²² sn The one who will send out an exactor of tribute was Seleucus IV Philopator (ca. 187-176 B.C.).

²³ sn Perhaps this exactor of tribute was Heliodorus (cf. 2 Maccabees 3).

²⁴ tn Heb “broken” or “shattered.”

²³ tn Heb “heart.” So also in v. 28.

²⁴ tn Heb “speak.”

²⁵ tc This phrase, repeated from v. 1, is absent in Theodotion.

²⁶ tn The Hebrew text has “books”; the word “sacred” has been added in the translation to clarify that it is Scriptures that are referred to.

²⁷ sn The tetragrammaton (the four Hebrew letters which constitute the divine Name, YHWH) appears eight times in this chapter, and nowhere else in the book of Daniel.

²⁸ map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

²⁷ tn Heb “one seven” (also later in this line).

²⁸ tn The referent of the Hebrew word כְּנַף (kÿnaf, “wing”) is unclear here. The LXX and Theodotion have “the temple.” Some English versions (e.g., NAB, NIV) take this to mean “a wing of the temple,” but this is not clear.

²⁹ tn The Hebrew text does not have this verb, but it has been supplied in the translation for clarity.