Deuteronomy 24:16

24:16 Fathers must not be put to death for what their children ¹  do, nor children for what their fathers do; each must be put to death for his own sin.

Deuteronomy 24:2

24:2 When she has left him ²  she may go and become someone else’s wife.

Deuteronomy 14:5-6

14:5 the ibex, ³  the gazelle, ⁴  the deer, ⁵  the wild goat, the antelope, ⁶  the wild oryx, ⁷  and the mountain sheep. ⁸  14:6 You may eat any animal that has hooves divided into two parts and that chews the cud. ⁹ 

Jeremiah 31:29-30

The Lord Will Make a New Covenant with Israel and Judah

31:29 “When that time comes, people will no longer say, ‘The parents have eaten sour grapes, but the children’s teeth have grown numb.’ ¹⁰  31:30 Rather, each person will die for his own sins. The teeth of the person who eats the sour grapes will themselves grow numb. ¹¹ 

Ezekiel 18:4

18:4 Indeed! All lives are mine – the life of the father as well as the life of the son is mine. The one ¹²  who sins will die.

Ezekiel 18:20

18:20 The person who sins is the one who will die. A son will not suffer ¹³  for his father’s iniquity, and a father will not suffer ¹⁴  for his son’s iniquity; the righteous person will be judged according to his righteousness, and the wicked person according to his wickedness. ¹⁵ 

¹ tn Heb “sons” (so NASB; twice in this verse). Many English versions, including the KJV, read “children” here.

² tn Heb “his house.”

³ tn The Hebrew term אַיָּל (’ayyal) may refer to a type of deer (cf. Arabic ’ayyal). Cf. NAB “the red deer.”

⁴ tn The Hebrew term צְבִי (tsÿvi) is sometimes rendered “roebuck” (so KJV).

⁵ tn The Hebrew term יַחְמוּר (yakhmur) may refer to a “fallow deer”; cf. Arabic yahmur (“deer”). Cf. NAB, NIV, NCV “roe deer”; NEB, NRSV, NLT “roebuck.”

⁶ tn The Hebrew term דִּישֹׁן (dishon) is a hapax legomenon. Its referent is uncertain but the animal is likely a variety of antelope (cf. NEB “white-rumped deer”; NIV, NRSV, NLT “ibex”).

⁷ tn The Hebrew term תְּאוֹ (tÿ’o; a variant is תּוֹא, to’) could also refer to another species of antelope. Cf. NEB “long-horned antelope”; NIV, NRSV “antelope.”

⁸ tn The Hebrew term זֶמֶר (zemer) is another hapax legomenon with the possible meaning “wild sheep.” Cf. KJV, ASV “chamois”; NEB “rock-goat”; NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT “mountain sheep.”

⁹ tn The Hebrew text includes “among the animals.” This has not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons.

¹⁰ tn This word only occurs here and in the parallel passage in Ezek 18:2 in the Qal stem and in Eccl 10:10 in the Piel stem. In the latter passage it refers to the bluntness of an ax that has not been sharpened. Here the idea is of the “bluntness” of the teeth, not from having ground them down due to the bitter taste of sour grapes but to the fact that they have lost their “edge,” “bite,” or “sharpness” because they are numb from the sour taste. For this meaning for the word see W. L. Holladay, Jeremiah (Hermeneia), 2:197.

¹¹ sn The Lord answers their charge by stating that each person is responsible for his own sin and will himself bear the consequences. Ezek 18 has a more extended treatment of this and shows that this extends not just to the link between parents and children but between former behavior and future behavior of the same individual. To a certain extent the principle articulated here is anticipatory of the statement in v. 34 which refers to the forgiveness of former sins.

¹² tn Heb “life.”

¹³ tn Heb “lift up, bear.”

¹⁴ tn Heb “lift up, bear.”

¹⁵ tn Heb “the righteousness of the righteous one will be upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked one will be upon him.”