13:9 “You must watch out for yourselves. You will be handed over 11 to councils 12 and beaten in the synagogues. 13 You will stand before governors and kings 14 because of me, as a witness to them.
1 tn Heb “and it will be.”
2 tn Heb “if the evil one is a son of smiting.”
3 tn Heb “according to his wickedness, by number.”
4 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the judge) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
5 tn Heb “Forty blows he may strike him”; however, since the judge is to witness the punishment (v. 2) it is unlikely the judge himself administered it.
6 tn Heb “your brothers” but not limited only to an actual sibling; cf. NAB) “your kinsman”; NRSV, NLT “your neighbor.”
7 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
8 sn Councils in this context refers to local judicial bodies attached to the Jewish synagogue. This group would be responsible for meting out justice and discipline within the Jewish community.
9 tn BDAG 620 s.v. μαστιγόω 1.a states, “of flogging as a punishment decreed by the synagogue (Dt 25:2f; s. the Mishna Tractate Sanhedrin-Makkoth, edited w. notes by SKrauss ’33) w. acc. of pers. Mt 10:17; 23:34.”
10 sn See the note on synagogues in 4:23.
11 tn Grk “They will hand you over.” “They” is an indefinite plural, referring to people in general. The parallel in Matt 10:17 makes this explicit.
12 sn Councils in this context refers to local judicial bodies attached to the Jewish synagogue. This group would be responsible for meting out justice and discipline within the Jewish community.
13 sn See the note on synagogue in 1:21.
14 sn These statements look at persecution both from a Jewish context as the mention of councils and synagogues suggests, and from a Gentile one as the reference to governors and kings suggests. Some fulfillment of Jewish persecution can be seen in Acts.