33:9 He said to his father and mother, “I have not seen him,” 1
and he did not acknowledge his own brothers
or know his own children,
for they kept your word,
and guarded your covenant.
The Lord came from Sinai
and revealed himself 2 to Israel 3 from Seir.
He appeared in splendor 4 from Mount Paran,
and came forth with ten thousand holy ones. 5
With his right hand he gave a fiery law 6 to them.
19:1 When the Lord your God destroys the nations whose land he 10 is about to give you and you dispossess them and settle in their cities and houses,
1:16 for all things in heaven and on earth were created by him – all things, whether visible or invisible, whether thrones or dominions, 16 whether principalities or powers – all things were created through him and for him.
2:6 But from those who were influential 21 (whatever they were makes no difference to me; God shows no favoritism between people 22 ) – those influential leaders 23 added 24 nothing to my message. 25
1 sn This statement no doubt alludes to the Levites’ destruction of their own fellow tribesmen following the golden calf incident (Exod 32:25-29).
2 tn Or “rose like the sun” (NCV, TEV).
3 tc Heb “to him.” The LXX reads “to us” (לָנוּ [lanu] for לָמוֹ [lamo]), the reading of the MT is acceptable since it no doubt has in mind Israel as a collective singular.
4 tn Or “he shone forth” (NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).
5 tc With slight alteration (מִמְרִבַת קָדֵשׁ [mimrivat qadesh] for the MT’s מֵרִבְבֹת קֹדֶשׁ [merivvot qodesh]) the translation would be “from Meribah Kadesh” (cf. NAB, NLT; see Deut 32:51). However, the language of holy war in the immediate context favors the reading of the MT, which views the Lord as accompanied by angelic hosts.
6 tc The mispointed Hebrew term אֵשְׁדָּת (’eshdat) should perhaps be construed as אֵשְׁהַת (’eshhat) with Smr.
7 tn The Hebrew phrase חַג שָׁבֻעוֹת (khag shavu’ot) is otherwise known in the OT (Exod 23:16) as קָצִיר (qatsir, “harvest”) and in the NT as πεντηχοστή (penthcosth, “Pentecost”).
8 tn Heb “the sufficiency of the offering of your hand.”
9 tn Heb “the
10 tn Heb “the
11 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast.
12 tn Grk “he said to them.”
13 tn Grk “Why is it that you were looking for me?”
14 tn Or “I must be about my Father’s business” (so KJV, NKJV); Grk “in the [things] of my Father,” with an ellipsis. This verse involves an idiom that probably refers to the necessity of Jesus being involved in the instruction about God, given what he is doing. The most widely held view today takes this as a reference to the temple as the Father’s house. Jesus is saying that his parents should have known where he was.
15 tn Or “was a minister of Syria.” This term could simply refer to an administrative role Quirinius held as opposed to being governor (Josephus, Ant. 18.4.2 [18.88]). See also Luke 2:1.
16 tn BDAG 579 s.v. κυριότης 3 suggests “bearers of the ruling powers, dominions” here.
17 tn Grk “slaves, nor did we…” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, οὐδέ (oude) was translated as “But…even” and a new sentence started in the translation at the beginning of v. 5.
18 tn Or “we did not cave in to their demands.”
19 tn Grk “even for an hour” (an idiom for a very short period of time).
20 sn In order that the truth of the gospel would remain with you. Paul evidently viewed the demands of the so-called “false brothers” as a departure from the truth contained in the gospel he preached. This was a very serious charge (see Gal 1:8).
21 tn Or “influential leaders.” BDAG 255 s.v. δοκέω 2.a.β has “the influential men Gal 2:2, 6b. A fuller expr. w. the same mng., w. inf. added…vss. 6a, 9.” This refers to the leadership of the Jerusalem church.
22 tn Grk “God does not receive the face of man,” an idiom for showing favoritism or partiality (BDAG 887-88 s.v. πρόσωπον 1.b.α; L&N 88.238).
23 tn Or “influential people”; here “leaders” was used rather than “people” for stylistic reasons, to avoid redundancy with the word “people” in the previous parenthetical remark. See also the note on the word “influential” at the beginning of this verse.
24 tn Or “contributed.” This is the same word translated “go to ask advice from” in 1:16, but it has a different meaning here; see L&N 59.72.
25 tn Or “added nothing to my authority.” Grk “added nothing to me,” with what was added (“message,” etc.) implied.