1 tn The Hebrew text includes “in their hand,” which is unnecessary and somewhat redundant in English style.
2 tn Heb “this.” The translation uses “that” to avoid confusion; earlier in the verse Moses refers to Transjordan as “this land.”
3 tn Heb “an image, any likeness.”
4 tn Heb “under the earth” (so ASV, NASB, NRSV); NCV “below the land.”
4 tn Or “wadis.”
5 tn The Hebrew term may refer to “food” in a more general sense (cf. NASB, NCV, NLT) or “bread” in particular (cf. NAB, NIV, NRSV).
6 sn A land whose stones are iron. Since iron deposits are few and far between in Palestine, the reference here is probably to iron ore found in mines as opposed to the meteorite iron more commonly known in that area.
6 tn Heb “which you are crossing over there to possess it.”
7 tn Heb “rain of heaven.”
7 tn Or “land” (so NIV, NCV); the same Hebrew word can be translated “land” or “earth.”
8 tn Or “western” (so NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV); Heb “latter,” a reference to the Mediterranean Sea (cf. NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT).
9 tn Heb “to,” “with respect to.” In the Hebrew text vv. 10-12 are one long sentence. For stylistic reasons the translation divides this into two, using the verb “he did” at the beginning of v. 11 and “he displayed” at the beginning of v. 12.