18:20 “But if any prophet presumes to speak anything in my name that I have not authorized 11 him to speak, or speaks in the name of other gods, that prophet must die.
1 sn Horites. Most likely these are the same as the well-known people of ancient Near Eastern texts described as Hurrians. They were geographically widespread and probably non-Semitic. Genesis speaks of them as the indigenous peoples of Edom that Esau expelled (Gen 36:8-19, 31-43) and also as among those who confronted the kings of the east (Gen 14:6).
2 tn Most modern English versions, beginning with the ASV (1901), regard vv. 10-12 as parenthetical to the narrative.
3 tc The translation follows the LXX in reading the first person pronoun. The MT, followed by many English versions, has a second person masculine singular pronoun, “your.”
4 tn Heb “hardened his spirit” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV); NIV “made his spirit stubborn.”
5 tn Heb “made his heart obstinate” (so KJV, NASB); NRSV “made his heart defiant.”
6 tn Heb “into your hand.”
5 tn Heb “the
6 tn Heb “much to you” (an idiom).
7 tn Heb “commandment.” The MT actually has the singular (הַמִּצְוָה, hammitsvah), suggesting perhaps that the following terms (חֻקִּים [khuqqim] and מִשְׁפָּטִים [mishpatim]) are in epexegetical apposition to “commandment.” That is, the phrase could be translated “the entire command, namely, the statutes and ordinances.” This would essentially make מִצְוָה (mitsvah) synonymous with תּוֹרָה (torah), the usual term for the whole collection of law.
8 tn Heb “to possess it” (so KJV, ASV); NLT “as their inheritance.”
9 tn Or “commanded” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV).
11 tn Heb “sons” (so NASB); KJV, ASV, NIV, NRSV “children.”