Deuteronomy 2:21

2:21 They are a people as powerful, numerous, and tall as the Anakites. But the Lord destroyed the Rephaites ¹  in advance of the Ammonites, ²  so they dispossessed them and settled down in their place.

Deuteronomy 2:23

2:23 As for the Avvites ³  who lived in settlements as far west as Gaza, Caphtorites ⁴  who came from Crete ⁵  destroyed them and settled down in their place.)

Deuteronomy 4:18

4:18 anything that crawls ⁶  on the ground, or any fish in the deep waters of the earth. ⁷ 

Deuteronomy 4:49

4:49 including all the Arabah of the Transjordan in the east to the sea of the Arabah, ⁸  beneath the watershed ⁹  of Pisgah.)

Deuteronomy 28:23

28:23 The ¹⁰  sky ¹¹  above your heads will be bronze and the earth beneath you iron.

Deuteronomy 28:47

The Curse of Military Siege

28:47 “Because you have not served the Lord your God joyfully and wholeheartedly with the abundance of everything you have,

Deuteronomy 33:13

Blessing on Joseph

33:13 Of Joseph he said:

May the Lord bless his land

with the harvest produced by the sky, ¹²  by the dew,

and by the depths crouching beneath;

Deuteronomy 33:27

33:27 The everlasting God is a refuge,

and underneath you are his eternal arms; ¹³ 

he has driven out enemies before you,

and has said, “Destroy!”

¹ tn Heb “them”; the referent (the Rephaites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

² tn Heb “them”; the referent (the Ammonites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

³ sn Avvites. Otherwise unknown, these people were probably also Anakite (or Rephaite) giants who lived in the lower Mediterranean coastal plain until they were expelled by the Caphtorites.

⁴ sn Caphtorites. These peoples are familiar from both the OT (Gen 10:14; 1 Chr 1:12; Jer 47:4; Amos 9:7) and ancient Near Eastern texts (Miriam Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian Literature, 2:37-38; ANET 138). They originated in Crete (OT “Caphtor”) and are identified as the ancestors of the Philistines (Gen 10:14; Jer 47:4).

⁵ tn Heb “Caphtor”; the modern name of the island of Crete is used in the translation for clarity (cf. NCV, TEV, NLT).

⁵ tn Heb “creeping thing.”

⁶ tn Heb “under the earth.”

⁷ sn The sea of the Arabah refers to the Dead Sea, also known as the Salt Sea in OT times (cf. Deut 3:17).

⁸ tn The meaning of the Hebrew term אַשְׁדֹּת (’ashdot) is unclear. It is usually translated either “slopes” (ASV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT) or “watershed” (NEB).

⁹ tc The MT reads “Your.” The LXX reads “Heaven will be to you.”

¹⁰ tn Or “heavens” (also in the following verse). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.

¹¹ tn Heb “from the harvest of the heavens.” The referent appears to be good crops produced by the rain that falls from the sky.

¹³ tn Heb “and from under, arms of perpetuity.” The words “you” and “his” are supplied in the translation for clarification. Some have perceived this line to be problematic and have offered alternative translations that differ significantly from the present translation: “He spread out the primeval tent; he extended the ancient canopy” (NAB); “He subdues the ancient gods, shatters the forces of old” (NRSV). These are based on alternate meanings or conjectural emendations rather than textual variants in the mss and versions.