Deuteronomy 2:4

2:4 Instruct these people as follows: ‘You are about to cross the border of your relatives the descendants of Esau, who inhabit Seir. They will be afraid of you, so watch yourselves carefully.

Deuteronomy 4:15

The Nature of Israel’s God

4:15 Be very careful, then, because you saw no form at the time the Lord spoke to you at Horeb from the middle of the fire.

Deuteronomy 6:25

6:25 We will be innocent if we carefully keep all these commandments before the Lord our God, just as he demands.”

Deuteronomy 12:32

Idolatry and False Prophets

12:32 (13:1) You must be careful to do everything I am commanding you. Do not add to it or subtract from it!

Deuteronomy 13:4

13:4 You must follow the Lord your God and revere only him; and you must observe his commandments, obey him, serve him, and remain loyal to him.

Deuteronomy 15:5

15:5 if you carefully obey 10  him 11  by keeping 12  all these commandments that I am giving 13  you today.

Deuteronomy 16:1

The Passover-Unleavened Bread Festival

16:1 Observe the month Abib 14  and keep the Passover to the Lord your God, for in that month 15  he 16  brought you out of Egypt by night.

Deuteronomy 17:10

17:10 You must then do as they have determined at that place the Lord chooses. Be careful to do just as you are taught.

Deuteronomy 26:16-18

Narrative Interlude

26:16 Today the Lord your God is commanding you to keep these statutes and ordinances, something you must do with all your heart and soul. 17  26:17 Today you have declared the Lord to be your God, and that you will walk in his ways, keep his statutes, commandments, and ordinances, and obey him. 26:18 And today the Lord has declared you to be his special people (as he already promised you) so you may keep all his commandments.

Deuteronomy 27:1

The Assembly at Shechem

27:1 Then Moses and the elders of Israel commanded the people: “Pay attention to all the commandments 18  I am giving 19  you today.

Deuteronomy 28:9

28:9 The Lord will designate you as his holy people just as he promised you, if you keep his commandments 20  and obey him. 21 

Deuteronomy 29:9

The Present Covenant Setting

29:9 “Therefore, keep the terms 22  of this covenant and obey them so that you may be successful in everything you do.

Deuteronomy 33:9

33:9 He said to his father and mother, “I have not seen him,” 23 

and he did not acknowledge his own brothers

or know his own children,

for they kept your word,

and guarded your covenant.


tn Heb “command” (so KJV, NASB); NRSV “charge the people as follows.”

tn Heb “brothers”; NAB “your kinsmen.”

sn The descendants of Esau (Heb “sons of Esau”; the phrase also occurs in 2:8, 12, 22, 29). These are the inhabitants of the land otherwise known as Edom, south and east of the Dead Sea. Jacob’s brother Esau had settled there after his bitter strife with Jacob (Gen 36:1-8). “Edom” means “reddish,” probably because of the red sandstone of the region, but also by popular etymology because Esau, at birth, was reddish (Gen 25:25).

tn Heb “give great care to your souls.”

tn The term “commandment” (מִצְוָה, mitsvah), here in the singular, refers to the entire body of covenant stipulations.

tn Heb “as he has commanded us” (so NIV, NRSV).

10 sn Beginning with 12:32, the verse numbers through 13:18 in the English Bible differ from the verse numbers in the Hebrew text (BHS), with 12:32 ET = 13:1 HT, 13:1 ET = 13:2 HT, 13:2 ET = 13:3 HT, etc., through 13:18 ET = 13:19 HT. With 14:1 the verse numbers in the ET and HT are again the same.

11 tn This verse highlights a phenomenon found throughout Deuteronomy, but most especially in chap. 12, namely, the alternation of grammatical singular and plural forms of the pronoun (known as Numeruswechsel in German scholarship). Critical scholarship in general resolves the “problem” by suggesting varying literary traditions – one favorable to the singular pronoun and the other to the plural – which appear in the (obviously rough) redacted text at hand. Even the ancient versions were troubled by the lack of harmony of grammatical number and in this verse, for example, offered a number of alternate readings. The MT reads “Everything I am commanding you (plural) you (plural) must be careful to do; you (singular) must not add to it nor should you (singular) subtract form it.” Smr, LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate suggest singular for the first two pronouns but a few Smr mss propose plural for the last two. What both ancient and modern scholars tend to overlook, however, is the covenantal theological tone of the Book of Deuteronomy, one that views Israel as a collective body (singular) made up of many individuals (plural). See M. Weinfeld, Deuteronomy 1–11 (AB), 15-16; J. A. Thompson, Deuteronomy (TOTC), 21-23.

12 sn Do not add to it or subtract from it. This prohibition makes at least two profound theological points: (1) This work by Moses is of divine origination (i.e., it is inspired) and therefore can tolerate no human alteration; and (2) the work is complete as it stands (i.e., it is canonical).

13 tn Heb “if listening you listen to the voice of.” The infinitive absolute is used for emphasis, which the translation indicates with “carefully.” The idiom “listen to the voice” means “obey.”

14 tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 15:4.

15 tn Heb “by being careful to do.”

16 tn Heb “commanding” (so NASB); NAB “which I enjoin you today.”

16 sn The month Abib, later called Nisan (Neh 2:1; Esth 3:7), corresponds to March-April in the modern calendar.

17 tn Heb “in the month Abib.” The demonstrative “that” has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

18 tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.

19 tn Or “mind and being”; cf. NCV “with your whole being”; TEV “obey them faithfully with all your heart.”

22 tn Heb “the whole commandment.” See note at 5:31.

23 tn Heb “commanding”; NAB “which I enjoin on you today” (likewise in v. 10).

25 tn Heb “the commandments of the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in the previous verse.

26 tn Heb “and walk in his ways” (so NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).

28 tn Heb “words.”

31 sn This statement no doubt alludes to the Levites’ destruction of their own fellow tribesmen following the golden calf incident (Exod 32:25-29).