3:12 This is the land we brought under our control at that time: The territory extending from Aroer 8 by the Wadi Arnon and half the Gilead hill country with its cities I gave to the Reubenites and Gadites. 9
28:1 “If you indeed 20 obey the Lord your God and are careful to observe all his commandments I am giving 21 you today, the Lord your God will elevate you above all the nations of the earth.
32:43 Cry out, O nations, with his people,
for he will avenge his servants’ blood;
he will take vengeance against his enemies,
and make atonement for his land and people.
The Lord came from Sinai
and revealed himself 24 to Israel 25 from Seir.
He appeared in splendor 26 from Mount Paran,
and came forth with ten thousand holy ones. 27
With his right hand he gave a fiery law 28 to them.
33:9 He said to his father and mother, “I have not seen him,” 29
and he did not acknowledge his own brothers
or know his own children,
for they kept your word,
and guarded your covenant.
34:1 Then Moses ascended from the deserts of Moab to Mount Nebo, to the summit of Pisgah, which is opposite Jericho. 30 The Lord showed him the whole land – Gilead to Dan,
1 tn The Hebrew text does not have the first person pronoun; it has been supplied for purposes of English style (the Lord is speaking here).
2 tn Heb “all the work of your hands.”
3 tn Heb “he has.” This has been converted to first person in the translation in keeping with English style.
4 tn Heb “known” (so ASV, NASB); NAB “been concerned about.”
5 tn Heb “the
6 sn Aroer. Now known as àAraáir on the northern edge of the Arnon river, Aroer marked the southern limit of Moab and, later, of the allotment of the tribe of Reuben (Josh 13:9, 16).
7 tn Heb “the city in the wadi.” This enigmatic reference may refer to Ar or, more likely, to Aroer itself. Epexegetically the text might read, “From Aroer…, that is, the city in the wadi.” See D. L. Christensen, Deuteronomy 1–11 (WBC), 49.
11 tn The words “the territory extending” are not in the Hebrew text; they are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
12 sn Reubenites and Gadites. By the time of Moses’ address the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and Manasseh had already been granted permission to settle in the Transjordan, provided they helped the other tribes subdue the occupants of Canaan (cf. Num 32:28-42).
16 tn Heb “upright.”
17 tn Heb “the
21 tn Heb “you are going there to possess it”; NASB “into which you are about to cross to possess it”; NRSV “that you are crossing over to occupy.”
22 tn Heb “with your foot” (so NASB, NLT). There is a two-fold significance to this phrase. First, Egypt had no rain so water supply depended on human efforts at irrigation. Second, the Nile was the source of irrigation waters but those waters sometimes had to be pumped into fields and gardens by foot-power, perhaps the kind of machinery (Arabic shaduf) still used by Egyptian farmers (see C. Aldred, The Egyptians, 181). Nevertheless, the translation uses “by hand,” since that expression is the more common English idiom for an activity performed by manual labor.
26 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
27 sn Gilgal. From a Hebrew verb root גָלַל (galal, “to roll”) this place name means “circle” or “rolling,” a name given because God had “rolled away the reproach of Egypt from you” (Josh 5:9). It is perhaps to be identified with Khirbet el-Metjir, 1.2 mi (2 km) northeast of OT Jericho.
28 tc The MT plural “oaks” (אֵלוֹנֵי, ’eloney) should probably be altered (with many Greek texts) to the singular “oak” (אֵלוֹן, ’elon; cf. NRSV) in line with the only other occurrence of the phrase (Gen 12:6). The Syriac, Tg. Ps.-J. read mmrá, confusing this place with the “oaks of Mamre” near Hebron (Gen 13:18). Smr also appears to confuse “Moreh” with “Mamre” (reading mwr’, a combined form), adding the clarification mwl shkm (“near Shechem”) apparently to distinguish it from Mamre near Hebron.
31 tn Heb “so that.” Verses 18-19 are one sentence in the Hebrew text, but the translation divides it into three sentences for stylistic reasons. The first clause in verse 19 gives a result of the preceding clause. When Israel keeps God’s law, God will bless them with fame and honor (cf. NAB “he will then raise you high in praise and renown and glory”; NLT “And if you do, he will make you greater than any other nation”).
32 tn Heb “for praise and for a name and for glory.”
33 tn Heb “and to be.” A new sentence was started here for stylistic reasons.
36 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation indicates with “indeed.”
37 tn Heb “commanding”; NAB “which I enjoin on you today” (likewise in v. 15).
41 sn Abarim. This refers to the high plateau region of the Transjordan, the highest elevation of which is Mount Pisgah (or Nebo; cf. Deut 34:1). See also the note on the name “Pisgah” in Deut 3:17.
42 map For the location of Jericho see Map5-B2; Map6-E1; Map7-E1; Map8-E3; Map10-A2; Map11-A1.
46 tn Or “rose like the sun” (NCV, TEV).
47 tc Heb “to him.” The LXX reads “to us” (לָנוּ [lanu] for לָמוֹ [lamo]), the reading of the MT is acceptable since it no doubt has in mind Israel as a collective singular.
48 tn Or “he shone forth” (NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).
49 tc With slight alteration (מִמְרִבַת קָדֵשׁ [mimrivat qadesh] for the MT’s מֵרִבְבֹת קֹדֶשׁ [merivvot qodesh]) the translation would be “from Meribah Kadesh” (cf. NAB, NLT; see Deut 32:51). However, the language of holy war in the immediate context favors the reading of the MT, which views the Lord as accompanied by angelic hosts.
50 tc The mispointed Hebrew term אֵשְׁדָּת (’eshdat) should perhaps be construed as אֵשְׁהַת (’eshhat) with Smr.
51 sn This statement no doubt alludes to the Levites’ destruction of their own fellow tribesmen following the golden calf incident (Exod 32:25-29).
56 sn For the geography involved, see note on the term “Pisgah” in Deut 3:17.