3:1 Next we set out on 3 the route to Bashan, 4 but King Og of Bashan and his whole army 5 came out to meet us in battle at Edrei. 6
12:6 “For the Lord disciplines the one he loves and chastises every son he accepts.” 12
12:7 Endure your suffering 13 as discipline; 14 God is treating you as sons. For what son is there that a father does not discipline? 12:8 But if you do not experience discipline, 15 something all sons 16 have shared in, then you are illegitimate and are not sons. 12:9 Besides, we have experienced discipline from 17 our earthly fathers 18 and we respected them; shall we not submit ourselves all the more to the Father of spirits and receive life? 19 12:10 For they disciplined us for a little while as seemed good to them, but he does so for our benefit, that we may share his holiness.
1:13 But to which of the angels 21 has he ever said, “Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet”? 22
1 tn The article is retained in the translation (“the Lebanon,” cf. also NAB, NRSV) to indicate that a region (rather than the modern country of Lebanon) is referred to here. Other recent English versions accomplish this by supplying “mountains” after “Lebanon” (TEV, CEV, NLT).
2 tn Heb “lift your eyes to the west, north, south, and east and see with your eyes.” The translation omits the repetition of “your eyes” for stylistic reasons.
3 tn Heb “turned and went up.”
4 sn Bashan. This plateau country, famous for its oaks (Isa 2:13) and cattle (Deut 32:14; Amos 4:1), was north of Gilead along the Yarmuk River.
5 tn Heb “people.”
6 sn Edrei is probably modern Deràa, 60 mi (95 km) south of Damascus (see Num 21:33; Josh 12:4; 13:12, 31; also mentioned in Deut 1:4).
7 tn Heb “or a dreamer of dreams” (so KJV, ASV, NASB). The difference between a prophet (נָבִיא, navi’) and one who foretells by dreams (חֹלֵם אוֹ, ’o kholem) was not so much one of office – for both received revelation by dreams (cf. Num 12:6) – as it was of function or emphasis. The prophet was more a proclaimer and interpreter of revelation whereas the one who foretold by dreams was a receiver of revelation. In later times the role of the one who foretold by dreams was abused and thus denigrated as compared to that of the prophet (cf. Jer 23:28).
8 tn The expression אוֹת אוֹ מוֹפֵת (’ot ’o mofet) became a formulaic way of speaking of ways of authenticating prophetic messages or other works of God (cf. Deut 28:46; Isa 20:3). The NT equivalent is the Greek term σημεῖον (shmeion), a sign performed (used frequently in the Gospel of John, cf. 2:11, 18; 20:30-31). They could, however, be counterfeited or (as here) permitted to false prophets by the
9 tn Heb “or a dreamer of dreams” (so KJV, ASV, NASB). The difference between a prophet (נָבִיא, navi’) and one who foretells by dreams (חֹלֵם אוֹ, ’o kholem) was not so much one of office – for both received revelation by dreams (cf. Num 12:6) – as it was of function or emphasis. The prophet was more a proclaimer and interpreter of revelation whereas the one who foretold by dreams was a receiver of revelation. In later times the role of the one who foretold by dreams was abused and thus denigrated as compared to that of the prophet (cf. Jer 23:28).
10 tn The expression אוֹת אוֹ מוֹפֵת (’ot ’o mofet) became a formulaic way of speaking of ways of authenticating prophetic messages or other works of God (cf. Deut 28:46; Isa 20:3). The NT equivalent is the Greek term σημεῖον (shmeion), a sign performed (used frequently in the Gospel of John, cf. 2:11, 18; 20:30-31). They could, however, be counterfeited or (as here) permitted to false prophets by the
11 tn Heb “You only have I known.” The Hebrew verb יָדַע (yada’) is used here in its covenantal sense of “recognize in a special way.”
12 sn A quotation from Prov 3:11-12.
13 tn Grk “endure,” with the object (“your suffering”) understood from the context.
14 tn Or “in order to become disciplined.”
15 tn Grk “you are without discipline.”
16 tn Grk “all”; “sons” is implied by the context.
17 tn Grk “we had our earthly fathers as discipliners.”
18 tn Grk “the fathers of our flesh.” In Hebrews, “flesh” is a characteristic way of speaking about outward, physical, earthly life (cf. Heb 5:7; 9:10, 13), as opposed to the inward or spiritual dimensions of life.
19 tn Grk “and live.”
20 sn An allusion to Ps 110:1.
21 sn The parallel phrases to which of the angels in vv. 5 and 13 show the unity of this series of quotations (vv. 5-14) in revealing the superiority of the Son over angels (v. 4).
22 sn A quotation from Ps 110:1.