32:30 How can one man chase a thousand of them, 1
and two pursue ten thousand;
unless their Rock had delivered them up, 2
and the Lord had handed them over?
The Lord came from Sinai
and revealed himself 3 to Israel 4 from Seir.
He appeared in splendor 5 from Mount Paran,
and came forth with ten thousand holy ones. 6
With his right hand he gave a fiery law 7 to them.
1 tn The words “man” and “of them” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for clarity.
2 tn Heb “sold them” (so NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).
3 tn Or “rose like the sun” (NCV, TEV).
4 tc Heb “to him.” The LXX reads “to us” (לָנוּ [lanu] for לָמוֹ [lamo]), the reading of the MT is acceptable since it no doubt has in mind Israel as a collective singular.
5 tn Or “he shone forth” (NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).
6 tc With slight alteration (מִמְרִבַת קָדֵשׁ [mimrivat qadesh] for the MT’s מֵרִבְבֹת קֹדֶשׁ [merivvot qodesh]) the translation would be “from Meribah Kadesh” (cf. NAB, NLT; see Deut 32:51). However, the language of holy war in the immediate context favors the reading of the MT, which views the Lord as accompanied by angelic hosts.
7 tc The mispointed Hebrew term אֵשְׁדָּת (’eshdat) should perhaps be construed as אֵשְׁהַת (’eshhat) with Smr.