Deuteronomy 33:25

33:25 The bars of your gates will be made of iron and bronze,

and may you have lifelong strength.

Joshua 22:8

22:8 saying, “Take home great wealth, a lot of cattle, silver, gold, bronze, iron, and a lot of clothing. Divide up the goods captured from your enemies with your brothers.”

Joshua 22:1

Joshua Sends Home the Eastern Tribes

22:1 Then Joshua summoned the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh

Joshua 22:14

22:14 He was accompanied by ten leaders, one from each of the Israelite tribes, each one a family leader among the Israelite clans.

Job 28:2

28:2 Iron is taken from the ground,

and rock is poured out as copper.


tn The words “of your gates” have been supplied in the translation to clarify the referent of “bars.”

tn Heb “return to your tents with.”

tn Heb “very many cattle.”

tn Heb “very much clothing.”

tn Heb “ten leaders with him, one leader, one leader for a paternal house, for all the tribes of Israel, and each a head of the house of their father, they belong to the clans of Israel.”

tn Heb “from dust.”

tn The verb יָצוּק (yatsuq) is usually translated as a passive participle “is smelted” (from יָצַק [yatsaq, “to melt”]): “copper is smelted from the ore” (ESV) or “from the stone, copper is poured out” (as an imperfect from צוּק [tsuq]). But the rock becomes the metal in the process. So according to R. Gordis (Job, 304) the translation should be: “the rock is poured out as copper.” E. Dhorme (Job, 400), however, defines the form in the text as “hard,” and simply has it “hard stone becomes copper.”