12:14 For God will evaluate every deed, 1
including every secret thing, whether good or evil.
6:4 Fathers, 5 do not provoke your children to anger, 6 but raise them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.
6:5 Slaves, 7 obey your human masters 8 with fear and trembling, in the sincerity of your heart as to Christ, 6:6 not like those who do their work only when someone is watching 9 – as people-pleasers – but as slaves of Christ doing the will of God from the heart. 10
1:14 Now Enoch, the seventh in descent beginning with Adam, 11 even prophesied of them, 12 saying, “Look! The Lord is coming 13 with thousands and thousands 14 of his holy ones, 1:15 to execute judgment on 15 all, and to convict every person 16 of all their thoroughly ungodly deeds 17 that they have committed, 18 and of all the harsh words that ungodly sinners have spoken against him.” 19
1 tn Heb “will bring every deed into judgment.”
2 tn The form of the Greek word is either present or future, but it is best to translate in future because of the context of future judgment.
3 tn Grk “of people.”
4 sn On my gospel cf. Rom 16:25; 2 Tim 2:8.
5 tn Or perhaps “Parents” (so TEV, CEV). The plural οἱ πατέρες (Joi patere", “fathers”) can be used to refer to both the male and female parent (BDAG 786 s.v. πατήρ 1.b).
6 tn Or “do not make your children angry.” BDAG 780 s.v. παροργίζω states “make angry.” The Greek verb in Col 3:21 is a different one with a slightly different nuance.
7 tn Traditionally, “Servants” (KJV). Though δοῦλος (doulos) is often translated “servant,” the word does not bear the connotation of a free individual serving another. BDAG notes that “‘servant’ for ‘slave’ is largely confined to Biblical transl. and early American times…in normal usage at the present time the two words are carefully distinguished” (BDAG 260 s.v.). The most accurate translation is “bondservant” (sometimes found in the ASV for δοῦλος), in that it often indicates one who sells himself into slavery to another. But as this is archaic, few today understand its force.
8 tn Grk “the masters according to the flesh.” In the translation above, the article τοῖς (tois) governing κυρίοις (kuriois) is rendered in English as a possessive pronoun (i.e., “your”) and the prepositional phrase κατὰ σάρκα (kata sarka) is taken as modifying κυρίοις (indicating that the author is referring to human masters) and not modifying the imperative ὑπακούετε (Jupakouete, which would indicate that obedience was according to a human standard or limitation).
9 tn Grk “not according to eye-service.”
10 tn Grk “from the soul.”
11 tn Grk “the seventh from Adam.”
12 tn Grk “against them.” The dative τούτοις (toutois) is a dativus incommodi (dative of disadvantage).
13 tn Grk “has come,” a proleptic aorist.
14 tn Grk “ten thousands.” The word μυριάς (muria"), from which the English myriad is derived, means “ten thousand.” In the plural it means “ten thousands.” This would mean, minimally, 20,000 (a multiple of ten thousand). At the same time, the term was often used in apocalyptic literature to represent simply a rather large number, without any attempt to be specific.
15 tn Grk “against” (κατά [kata] + genitive). English usage is satisfied with “on” at this point, but the parallel is lost in the translation to some degree, for the end of v. 15 says that this judgment is meted out on these sinners because they spoke against him (κατά + genitive).
16 tn Or “soul.”
17 tn Grk “of all their works of ungodliness.” The adverb “thoroughly” is part of the following verb “have committed.” See note on verb “committed” later in this verse.
18 tn The verb in Greek does not simply mean “have committed,” but “have committed in an ungodly way.” The verb ἀσεβέω (asebew) is cognate to the noun ἀσέβεια (asebeia, “ungodliness”). There is no easy way to express this in English, since English does not have a single word that means the same thing. Nevertheless, the tenor of v. 15 is plainly seen, regardless of the translation.
19 sn An apparent quotation from 1 En. 1:9. There is some doubt as to whether Jude is actually quoting from the text of 1 Enoch; the text here in Jude differs in some respects from the extant text of this pseudepigraphic book. It is sometimes suggested that Jude may instead have been quoting from oral tradition which had roots older than the written text.
20 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
21 tn Grk “another book was opened, which is of life.”
22 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the books being opened.
23 tn Grk “from the things written in the books according to their works.”