7:2 It is better to go to a funeral 1
than a feast. 2
For death 3 is the destiny 4 of every person, 5
and the living should 6 take this 7 to heart.
7:3 Sorrow 8 is better than laughter,
because sober reflection 9 is good for the heart. 10
1 tn Heb “house of mourning.” The phrase refers to a funeral where the deceased is mourned.
2 tn Heb “house of drinking”; or “house of feasting.” The Hebrew noun מִשְׁתֶּה (mishteh) can denote (1) “feast; banquet,” occasion for drinking-bouts (1 Sam 25:36; Isa 5:12; Jer 51:39; Job 1:5; Esth 2:18; 5:14; 8:17; 9:19) or (2) “drink” (exilic/postexilic – Ezra 3:7; Dan 1:5, 8, 16); see HALOT 653 s.v. מִשְׁתֶּה 4; BDB 1059 s.v. שָׁתַה.
3 tn Heb “it”; the referent (“death”) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
4 tn Heb “the end.” The noun סוֹף (sof) literally means “end; conclusion” (HALOT 747 s.v. סוֹף 1; BDB 693 s.v. סוֹף). It is used in this context in reference to death, as the preceding phrase “house of mourning” (i.e., funeral) suggests.
5 tn Heb “all men” or “every man.”
6 tn The imperfect tense verb יִתֵּן, yitten (from נָתָן, natan, “to give”) functions in a modal sense, denoting obligation, that is, the subject’s obligatory or necessary conduct: “should” or “ought to” (see R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, 31-32, §172; IBHS 508-9 §31.4g).
7 tn The word “this” does not appear in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for smoothness.
8 tn NEB suggests “grief”; NJPS, “vexation.”
9 tn Heb “in sadness of face there is good for the heart.”
10 tn Or possibly “Though the face is sad, the heart may be glad.”