22:31 “You will be holy 4 people to me; you must not eat any meat torn by animals in the field. 5 You must throw it to the dogs.
22:1 The Lord spoke to Moses:
17:1 The Lord spoke to Moses:
17:1 The Lord spoke to Moses:
1 tn The form is a Niphal participle from the verb “to break” – “is broken,” which means harmed, maimed, or hurt in any way.
2 tn This verb is frequently used with the meaning “to take captive.” The idea here then is that raiders or robbers have carried off the animal.
3 tn Heb “there is no one seeing.”
4 sn The use of this word here has to do with the laws of the sanctuary and not some advanced view of holiness. The ritual holiness at the sanctuary would prohibit eating anything torn to pieces.
5 tn Or “by wild animals.”
6 tn Heb “a carcass,” referring to the carcass of an animal that has died on its own, not the carcass of an animal slaughtered for sacrifice or killed by wild beasts. This has been clarified in the translation by supplying the phrase “of natural causes”; cf. NAB “that has died of itself”; TEV “that has died a natural death.”
7 sn Jesus contrasts the behavior of the shepherd with that of the hired hand. This is a worker who is simply paid to do a job; he has no other interest in the sheep and is certainly not about to risk his life for them. When they are threatened, he simply runs away.
8 tn Grk “leaves.”
9 tn Or “flees.”
10 tn Or “seizes.” The more traditional rendering, “snatches,” has the idea of seizing something by force and carrying it off, which is certainly possible here. However, in the sequence in John 10:12, this action precedes the scattering of the flock of sheep, so “attacks” is preferable.
11 tn Grk “does not have a care for the sheep.”
12 tc The phrase “he runs away” is lacking in several important